Name: Abnormal Psychology 16th Edition Test Bank By James N. Butcher, Jill M. Hooley, Susan M Mineka
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Chapter 2:
Historical and Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior

Multiple-Choice Questions

2.1-1. Archaeology and early writing indicate that the first people to think
that the brain was the site of mental functions were the
a. ancient Egyptians.
b. ancient Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Hebrews.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-1
Page Ref: 29
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. ancient Egyptians.
2.1-2. Early writings show that the Chinese, Egyptians, Hebrews, and Greeks often
attributed abnormal behavior to
a. poor parenting.
b. physical disease.
c. demonic possession.
d. chemical imbalance in the brain.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-2
Page Ref: 29
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. demonic possession.
2.1-3. In ancient societies, if a person’s abnormal conduct consisted of speech that
appeared to have a religious or mystical significance, then the person was
a. assumed to have willingly entered into a pact with the devil.
b. thought to be a witch.
c. thought to be possessed by a good spirit or god.
d. assumed to have something physically wrong with the heart.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-3
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. thought to be possessed by a good spirit or god.

2.1-4. Prayer, incantations, and noise-making were all techniques for
a. altering a person’s brain functioning.
b. improving a person’s dreams.
c. helping a person become possessed by good spirits.
d. exorcising demons.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-4
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. exorcising demons.
2.1-5. According to Hippocrates, mental disorders were part of which three general
categories?
a. Schizophrenia, mania, and melancholia.
b. Schizophrenia, mania, and phrenitis.
c. Melancholia, mania, and phrenitis.
d. Melancholia, mania, and anxiety.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-5
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. Melancholia, mania, and phrenitis.
2.1-6. Each of the following is one of the “four humors” EXCEPT
a. blood.
b. phlegm.
c. phrenitis.
d. bile.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-6
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. phrenitis.
2.1-7. The belief in the four humors as a means of explaining temperament
a. is inconsistent with a biological explanation for mental illness.
b. has yet to be disproven.
c. proposed different proportions of each humor in each individual.
d. provides that first indication that ancient people recognized the significance of
the brain in determining behavior.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-7
Page Ref: 30

40
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: c. proposed different proportions of each humor in each individual.
2.1-8. The doctrine of the four humors
a. was an attempt to support moral management.
b. was an explanation for personality traits.
c. was an early suggested treatment for melancholy.
d. was the first psychological explanation of mental disorders.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-8
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. was an explanation for personality traits.
2.1-9. According to early beliefs, what would characterize an individual with an
excess of blood?
a. Depression
b. Schizophrenia
c. Irritability
d. Cheerfulness
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-9
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Applied
Answer: d. Cheerfulness
2.1-10. Hippocrates suggested marriage as a cure for
a. impotence.
b. hysteria in women.
c. phrenitis (brain fever) in men.
d. melancholia.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-10
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. hysteria in women.
2.1-11. Cicero was feeling depressed. He sought help from Hippocrates. Hippocrates
would probably have
a. prescribed the roots of certain plants and unusual elixirs.
b. utilized a talking cure.
c. prescribed exercise, tranquility, and celibacy.

d. performed an exorcism.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-11
Page Ref: 30
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Applied
Answer: c. prescribed exercise, tranquility, and celibacy.
2.1-12. According to your textbook, which mental disorder received the most
attention from early scholars?
a. Phobias
b. Depression
c. Schizophrenia
d. Multiple personality disorder
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-12
Page Ref: 31
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. Depression
2.1-13. Plato was one of the first to argue for
a. medical treatment of mental illness.
b. demonic possession in mental illness.
c. different punishments for mentally disturbed individuals.
d. the use of bleeding as a treatment for mental illness.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-13
Page Ref: 31
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Applied
Answer: c. different punishments for mentally disturbed individuals.
2.1-14. Aristotle believed that
a. mental disorders could be caused by psychological factors.
b. mental disorders could not be caused by psychological factors.
c. bodily fluids had nothing to do with mental illness.
d. mental illness was due to demonic possession.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-14
Page Ref: 32
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. mental disorders could not be caused by psychological factors.
2.1-15. One of Aristotle’s major contributions to psychology was

a. his belief that dreams explained most mental disorders.
b. his theory that psychological disorders were due to psychological rather than
physical factors.
c. his description of personality traits.
d. his description of consciousness.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-15
Page Ref: 32
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. his description of consciousness.
2.1-16. The physicians of Alexandria, Egypt, in the era after Alexander the Great
were most likely to treat mental patients by
a. putting them in prisons.
b. using brutal forms of exorcism.
c. having them make sacrifices to gods.
d. providing activities, massage, and education.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-16
Page Ref: 32
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. providing activities, massage, and education.
2.1-17. What is Galen credited with?
a. Providing the first biological explanation for mental disorders
b. Performing the first human autopsies
c. Demonstrating that the doctrine of the four humors was flawed
d. Recognizing that psychological disorders could have both biological and
psychological causes
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-17
Page Ref: 32
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: d. Recognizing that psychological disorders could have both biological and
psychological causes
2.1-18. Chung Ching wrote two well-known medical works around A.D. 200 and has
been referred to as the ____________ of China.
a. Aristotle
b. Galen
c. Plato
d. Hippocrates
Difficulty: 2

Question ID: 2.1-18
Page Ref: 33
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: d. Hippocrates.
2.1-19. Compared to the West, in the Chinese “Dark Ages,” views of mental illness
a. began at a more sophisticated level but regressed, like the West, to belief in the
supernatural forces, although not for as long or with as negative a reaction to
patients.
b. began at a less sophisticated level but regressed, like the West, to belief in the
supernatural forces, although they regressed earlier and with a more negative
reaction to patients.
c. always believed that mental illness was due to supernatural forces. This belief
is still prevalent in China.
d. were always more sophisticated than the West; the focus was always on
medical causes and humane treatment.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-19
Page Ref: 33
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: a. began at a more sophisticated level but regressed, like the West, to belief in
the supernatural forces, although not for as long or with as negative a reaction to patients.
2.1-20. Which statement about treatment of abnormal behavior in the Middle Ages
is accurate?
a. Although the Hippocratic tradition was continued in most of Europe, Islamic
countries emphasized demonology.
b. Scientific reasoning and humane treatments were valued in both European and
Islamic societies.
c. Islamic forms of treatment were more humane than European approaches.
d. The Chinese emphasized prayer, the Europeans emphasized exercise, and the
Islamic peoples emphasized balancing the four bodily humors.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-20
Page Ref: 33
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: c. Islamic forms of treatment were more humane than European approaches.
2.1-21. The approaches to treatment of the mentally ill during the Middle Ages in
Europe are best characterized as
a. superstitious.
b. humane.
c. medical.

d. scientific.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-21
Page Ref: 33
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. superstitious.
2.1-22. What trend was observed during the Middle Ages in Europe?
a. Belief in theology was declining.
b. Approaches to mental disorders were becoming increasingly scientific.
c. Supernatural explanations for mental disorders grew in popularity.
d. Humane treatments were developed.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-22
Page Ref: 33
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: c. Supernatural explanations for mental disorders grew in popularity.
2.1-23. What is “mass madness”?
a. An exhibition of disordered behavior by a group of people that appears to be
caused by hysteria
b. A reaction to the harsh and inhumane treatment of the mentally ill during the
Middle Ages
c. A reference to the increased incidence of schizophrenia seen 16 years after a flu
epidemic
d. A reaction to hallucinogenic compounds taken as part of religious rituals in
ancient Egypt
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-23
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. An exhibition of disordered behavior by a group of people that appears to
be caused by hysteria
2.1-24. What is lycanthropy?
a. A form of mass hysteria characterized by wild dance-like movements
b. A condition in which people believe themselves to be possessed by wolves
c. A form of mass madness seen only in men
d. A form of mass hysteria now known to have been drug-induced
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-24
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior

Skill: Factual
Answer: b. A condition in which people believe themselves to be possessed by wolves
2.1-25. The fact that episodes of mass madness peaked at the time of the Black
Death illustrates that
a. mass hysteria usually has a biological basis.
b. mental and physical illnesses commonly occur together.
c. phenomena that impact the society and its structure may also affect mental
health.
d. mental illnesses really are caused by imbalances in the four bodily humors.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-25
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: c. phenomena that impact the society and its structure may also affect mental
health.
2.1-26. In 1983, a large group of West Bank Palestinian girls showed signs of illness.
Some thought they were poisoned, but later it was discovered that psychological
factors played a key role in most cases. This incident best illustrates
a. St. Vitus’s dance.
b. exorcism.
c. lycanthropy.
d. mass madness.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-26
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Applied
Answer: d. mass madness.
2.1-27. The disorder Koro, where males fear that their genitals have retracted into
their body, possibly leading to death, is similar to the episodes of mass madness
during the Black Death because
a. both demonstrated that mass madness is primarily a physiological disorder.
b. both demonstrated the effect that sociocultural stressors can have on mental
functioning of large groups of people.
c. both demonstrated that the responses of other people to the person with mass
madness determines whether the person will recover.
d. both demonstrated that it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to discover
the cause of mass madness.
Difficulty: 3
Question ID: 2.1-27
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior

Skill: Conceptual
Answer: b. both demonstrated the effect that sociocultural stressors can have on mental
functioning of large groups of people.
2.1-28. A common treatment for mental illness during the Middle Ages in Europe
was
a. exorcism.
b. fresh air and supportive surroundings.
c. banishment.
d. an early form of psychoanalytic dream interpretation.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-28
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. exorcism.
2.1-29. Recent historical reviews of the literature indicate that the typical accused
witch in the Middle Ages in Europe was
a. a person we would now consider to have a mental illness.
b. a priest who was a rival of a more powerful priest.
c. an ill-tempered, impoverished woman.
d. a person we would now consider to have mental retardation.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-29
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. an ill-tempered, impoverished woman.
2.1-30. People in the Middle Ages
a. believed that mentally ill people were witches.
b. believed that witches were mentally ill.
c. believed that mentally ill witches should be treated differently than other types
of witches.
d. believed that most witches and mentally ill people were possessed by demons,
but in different ways.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-30
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. believed that most witches and mentally ill people were possessed by
demons, but in different ways.
2.1-31. During the Middle Ages in Europe, which of the following was most likely to

treat mental illness?
a. a priest
b. a physician
c. a scientist
d. a surgeon
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-31
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Applied
Answer: a. a priest
2.1-32. Exorcism is
a. still occasionally practiced today for the treatment of psychological problems,
sometimes with fatal results.
b. a religious rite that is no longer used for the treatment of psychological
problems.
c. a symbolic act that can still be useful in changing psychological functioning.
d. a treatment that, throughout history, was never a very popular method of
treating psychological problems.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-32
Page Ref: 34
Topic: Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. still occasionally practiced today for the treatment of psychological
problems, sometimes with fatal results.
2.1-33. The emergence of humanism brought about changes in all of the following
EXCEPT
a. an increase in the belief in supernatural causes of behavior.
b. scientific questioning.
c. more humane treatment.
d. fewer superstitious beliefs about demonic possession.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-33
Page Ref: 35
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. an increase in the belief in supernatural causes of behavior.
2.1-34. Johann Weyer, in the early 1500s,
a. was a popularly accepted writer who argued that mental illness was due to
demon possession.
b. was a popularly accepted writer who argued that mental illness was due to
imbalances in the four humors.

c. wrote a book that was condemned by many, arguing that many witches were
actually mentally ill.
d. wrote a book that was scorned by many, arguing that mental illness was due to
bodily magnetism.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-34
Page Ref: 35
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. wrote a book that was condemned by many, arguing that many witches were
actually mentally ill.
2.1-35. Who was one of the first physicians in the early 1500s to criticize the idea
that mental illness was due to demon possession (although he did believe the moon
influenced the brain)?
a. Paracelsus
b. Galen
c. Pinel
d. Hippocrates
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-35
Page Ref: 35
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. Paracelsus
2.1-36. What was the purpose of the early asylums?
a. To remove those who could not care for themselves from society
b. To provide exorcisms
c. To offer humanitarian treatment to those afflicted with mental illnesses
d. To offer biological approaches to the treatment of mental disorders
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-36
Page Ref: 35
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. To remove those who could not care for themselves from society
2.1-37. How did early treatment of mental patients in the United States compare to
that offered in Europe?
a. Treatment in the United States was more humanitarian.
b. It was comparable to that offered in Europe.
c. The techniques employed were more scientifically based than those used in
Europe.
d. The treatment approaches used in the United States were more effective than
those used in Europe.

Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-37
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. It was comparable to that offered in Europe.
2.1-38. If you visited an asylum in the 16th Century in Europe you would likely find
a. a place which mixed together the mentally ill, the poor, criminals, and the
physically ill.
b. exorcisms being done by priests.
c. a place where people were given good food, work, and rest so they could
recover.
d. mentally ill people living in conditions of filth and cruelty.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-38
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Applied
Answer: d. mentally ill people living in conditions of filth and cruelty.
2.1-39. The early asylums
a. were primarily warehouses for the mentally ill.
b. were designed to be places of refuge for the mentally ill.
c. were designed to treat the mentally ill with physiological treatments, such as
bloodletting.
d. were similar to the places the early Greeks used for people with mental illness.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-39
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. were primarily warehouses for the mentally ill.
2.1-40. Shackling a patient to a wall with little food or heat would be most typical of
a. the hospitals run by Philippe Pinel.
b. the sanatoriums of Alexandria, Egypt.
c. the early asylums in Europe.
d. the treatment advocated by Hippocrates.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-40
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. the early asylums in Europe.

2.1-41. “Bedlam” in London was one of several hospitals for the mentally ill in
different countries that
a. treated the mentally ill with physiological treatments.
b. exhibited their patients for profit.
c. viewed themselves as religious houses for the demonically possessed.
d. allowed patients a lot of freedom.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-41
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. exhibited their patients for profit.
2.1-42. In the United States, an early treatment involved the belief that
a. patients needed to choose rationality over insanity and treatments were
designed to intimidate patients into choosing correctly.
b. patients were demonically possessed and needed to be made uncomfortable to
get the demons to leave.
c. patients were medically ill and needed physiological treatments.
d. patients were basically animals and were treated as such.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-42
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. patients needed to choose rationality over insanity and treatments were
designed to intimidate patients into choosing correctly.
2.1-43. Humanitarian treatment would be most typical of
a. the hospitals run by Philippe Pinel.
b. Bedlam.
c. the early asylums in Europe.
d. the early asylums in the United States.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-43
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. the hospitals run by Philippe Pinel.
2.1-44. There is some debate about whether Philippe Pinel
a. was the first person to remove chains from mental patients in a French mental
hospital.
b. was the first person to refute the idea of witchcraft as an explanation for
abnormal behavior.
c. supported Mesmer’s ideas of animal magnetism and hypnosis.

d. approved of the use of bleeding, beatings, and imprisonment for mental
patients.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-44
Page Ref: 37
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. was the first person to remove chains from mental patients in a French
mental hospital.
2.1-45. Philippe Pinel
a. believed that mental illness was due to possession by demons and exorcism was
the only useful treatment.
b. believed that mental patients needed to choose rationality over insanity, so
treatment was aimed at making their lives as patients uncomfortable.
c. believed that mental patients were ill and needed to be treated as such – with
kindness and caring.
d. believed that mental illness was purely a physiological phenomena, and could
only be treated by physical means such as bloodletting.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-45
Page Ref: 36
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. believed that mental patients were ill and needed to be treated as such –
with kindness and caring.
2.1-46. A contemporary of Pinel’s in England who started a Quaker religious retreat
for the mentally ill was
a. John Wesley.
b. Benjamin Rush.
c. Dorothea Dix.
d. William Tuke.
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-46
Page Ref: 37
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. William Tuke.
2.1-47. Which of the following is credited with continuing the work of Pinel in the
United States?
a. John Wesley
b. Benjamin Rush
c. John Connolly
d. Samuel Hitch

Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-47
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. Benjamin Rush
2.1-48. Benjamin Rush is credited with all of the following EXCEPT
a. signing the Declaration of Independence.
b. encouraging more humane treatment of the mentally ill.
c. taking a scientific approach to the study and treatment of mental disorders.
d. being the first American to organize a course in psychiatry.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-48
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: c. taking a scientific approach to the study and treatment of mental disorders.
2.1-49. Benjamin Rush, who encouraged more humane treatment of the mentally ill
in the United States, used as his principal remedies
a. rest and talk.
b. bloodletting and the tranquilizer chair.
c. exorcism and purging.
d. the tranquilizer chair and relaxation.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-49
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: b. bloodletting and the tranquilizer chair.
2.1-50. Who is considered the founder of American psychiatry?
a. William Tuke
b. Dorothea Dix
c. Benjamin Rush
d. Clifford Beers
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-50
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: c. Benjamin Rush
2.1-51. The moral management treatment
a. focused on the physiological problems that mental patients supposedly had

53
rather than their mental state.
b. focused on the symptoms that mental patients had rather than on their moral
character.
c. focused on warehousing and punishing mental patients, so that they would
choose to become well.
d. focused on the moral and spiritual development of mental patients rather than
their disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-51
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. focused on the moral and spiritual development of mental patients rather
than their disorder.
2.1-52. All of the following were likely to be part of moral treatment in the 1800s
EXCEPT
a. manual labor.
b. spiritual discussions.
c. character development.
d. antipsychotic medication.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-52
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. antipsychotic medication.
2.1-53. The level of success achieved with the use of moral management is surprising
because
a. most mental illnesses are not treatable.
b. the drugs used were usually inappropriate.
c. the majority of those hospitalized for mental illness were schizophrenic.
d. many patients suffered from syphilis that was, at the time, incurable.
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-53
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: d. many patients suffered from syphilis that was, at the time, incurable.
2.1-54. Which of the following was a form of treatment that addressed a patient’s
social, individual, and occupational needs?
a. Moral management
b. The treatments provided at the Geel Shrine
c. Anton Mesmer’s approach to treating the mentally ill

54
d. The treatment started by the Nancy School
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-54
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: a. Moral management
2.1-55. Which of the following contributed to the virtual absence of moral
management by the nineteenth century?
a. The fact that it was rarely effective in treating the mentally ill
b. The shrinking of the size of most mental hospitals
c. Society’s displeasure with the idea that mentally ill people were morally inferior
d. Advances in biomedical science
Difficulty: 1
Question ID: 2.1-55
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Factual
Answer: d. Advances in biomedical science
2.1-56. Which of the following approaches to treatment focuses almost exclusively
on physical well-being?
a. Moral management
b. Mental hygiene
c. Humanitarian
d. Deinstitutionalization
Difficulty: 2
Question ID: 2.1-56

Question ID: 2.1-57
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Toward Humanitarian Approaches
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: a. The social and psychological environments of mental patients were ignored.

2.1-58. The demise of moral management occurred for all of the following reasons
E

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