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Multiple-Choice Questions
1) The smallest stable units of matter are
A) atoms.
B) molecules.
C) protons.
D) neutrons.
E) electrons.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) The “atomic number” of an atom is determined by the number of ________ it has.
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) protons + neutrons
E) protons + electrons
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) The “atomic weight” of an atom reflects the average number of
A) protons.
B) neutrons.
C) electrons.
D) protons + neutrons.
E) protons + neutrons + electrons.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
4) One mole of any element
A) has the same mass.
B) has the same weight.
C) has the same number of atoms.
D) has the same number of electrons.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
2
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5) The nucleus of an atom consists of
A) electrons.
B) protons.
C) neutrons.
D) protons + neutrons.
E) protons + electrons.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
6) Isotopes of an element differ in the number of
A) protons in the nucleus.
B) electrons in the nucleus.
C) neutrons in the nucleus.
D) electron clouds.
E) electrons in energy shells.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
7) The mass number represents the number of
A) protons in an atom.
B) electrons in an ion.
C) neutrons in an atom.
D) protons + neutrons.
E) neutrons + electrons.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
8) The innermost electron shell in an atom holds up to ________ electrons.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 8
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
3
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9) Radioisotopes have unstable
A) ions.
B) nuclei.
C) isotopes.
D) electron clouds.
E) protons.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
10) By weight, which element is the most plentiful in the human body?
A) sulfur
B) sodium
C) oxygen
D) potassium
E) carbon
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
11) Indicate which of these lists contains only trace elements.
A) sulfur, chlorine, oxygen
B) selenium, hydrogen, calcium
C) boron, oxygen, carbon
D) silicon, fluorine, tin
E) cobalt, calcium, sodium
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
12) The atomic number represents the number of
A) electrons in an atom.
B) protons in an atom.
C) neutrons in an atom.
D) protons and neutrons in an atom.
E) chemical bonds the atom may form.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
4
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13) Helium (He) has an atomic number of 2. It is chemically stable because it
A) is neutral in electrical charge.
B) readily ionizes to react with other atoms.
C) has a full outer electron shell.
D) will form a covalent bond with another He atom.
E) lacks electrons, thus the He atom is stable.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
14) Which element commonly has only a proton as its nucleus?
A) helium
B) neon
C) argon
D) hydrogen
E) carbon
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
15) By weight, which element is the second most abundant in the human body?
A) oxygen
B) carbon
C) hydrogen
D) nitrogen
E) calcium
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
16) The mass of an atom is largely determined by the number of ________ it has.
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) protons + neutrons
E) protons + electrons
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
5
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
17) If an isotope of oxygen has 8 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons, its mass number is
A) 26.
B) 16.
C) 18.
D) 8.
E) 12.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
18) If an element is composed of atoms with an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 14,
then a neutral atom of this element contains
A) 6 protons.
B) 8 electrons.
C) 8 neutrons.
D) 6 protons and 8 electrons.
E) 6 protons and 8 neurons.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
19) The molecule NO is known as
A) nitric oxide.
B) noxious oxide.
C) noxious oxygen.
D) nitric oxygen.
E) nitrous oxide.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
20) The molecule CO2 is known as
A) carbonized oxygen.
B) carbonated oxygen.
C) carbon monoxide.
D) carbon oxide.
E) carbon dioxide.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
6
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21) The molecule H2 is known as
A) hydrohydrogen.
B) hydrogen.
C) hydroxide.
D) helium.
E) semi-water.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
22) When electrons are transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms unite as a result
of the opposite charges,
A) an ion is formed.
B) a molecule is formed.
C) a hydrogen bond is formed.
D) an ionic bond is formed.
E) a covalent bond is formed.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
23) Magnesium atoms have two electrons in the outermost shell. As a result, you would expect
magnesium to form ions with a charge of
A) +1.
B) +2.
C) -1.
D) -2.
E) either +2 or -2.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
24) Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is false?
A) Hydrogen bonds are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged
atoms.
B) Hydrogen bonds can occur within a single molecule.
C) Hydrogen bonds can form between neighboring molecules.
D) Hydrogen bonds are important for holding large molecules together.
E) Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many of the properties of water.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
7
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25) The molecule O2 is known as
A) oxide.
B) oxygen.
C) organic.
D) oxate
E) a salt
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
26) H2O is an example of a(n)
A) ionic formula.
B) glucose molecule.
C) compound.
D) ion.
E) covalent formula.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
27) Which of the following is not a cation?
A) Na+
B) Cl-
C) K+
D) Ca2+
E) Mg2+
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
28) A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
A) surface tension.
B) chemical tension.
C) static electricity.
D) heat capacity.
E) hydrophilic attraction.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
8
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29) In an aqueous solution, cations are attracted toward
A) sodium.
B) salt.
C) buffers.
D) anions.
E) hydrogen ions.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
30) In an aqueous solution, sodium ions would move toward
A) a negative terminal.
B) a positive terminal.
C) a pH terminal.
D) an organic terminal.
E) the bottom.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
31) The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by
A) the number of protons.
B) the number of neutrons.
C) the outermost electron shell.
D) the size of the atom.
E) the mass of the nucleus.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
32) Ions with a + charge are called
A) cations.
B) anions.
C) radicals.
D) positrons.
E) isotopes.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
9
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33) The weakest bond between two atoms is the ________ bond.
A) ionic
B) covalent
C) polar
D) nonpolar
E) hydrogen
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
34) When atoms complete their outer electron shell by sharing electrons, they form
A) ionic bonds.
B) covalent bonds.
C) hydrogen bonds.
D) anions.
E) cations.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
35) Ionic bonds are formed when
A) atoms share electrons.
B) an electron or electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.
C) a pair of electrons is shared unequally by two atoms.
D) hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms.
E) two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
36) If a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, a(n) ________ occurs.
A) single covalent bond
B) double covalent bond
C) triple covalent bond
D) polar covalent bond
E) hydrogen bond
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
10
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37) Elements that have atoms with full outer shells of electrons
A) will form many compounds.
B) will normally form anions.
C) will normally form cations.
D) frequently form hydrogen bonds.
E) are inert gases.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
38) Ions in an ionic molecule are held together due to
A) the sharing of electrons.
B) the attraction of opposite electrical charges.
C) each electron orbiting all of the ions in the molecule.
D) the presence of water molecules.
E) the attraction of similar charges of the ions’ protons.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
39) An unequal sharing of electrons results in what type of chemical bonds?
A) polar covalent
B) covalent
C) ionic
D) hydrogen
E) peptide
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
40) Sodium (Na) has an atomic number of 11. How many electrons are in the outer electron
shell of a neutral sodium atom?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 8
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
11
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