Instant Download with all chapters and Answers
Sample Chapters
*you will get test bank in PDF in best viewable format after buy*
2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Cells float in a watery medium called ________.
A) cytoplasm
B) extracellular fluid
C) cytosol
D) cellular fluid
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
2) Which of the following describes phospholipids in the plasma membrane?
A) The phospholipid tails are hydrophobic.
B) The phospholipid tails are hydrophilic.
C) The phospholipid heads are hydrophobic.
D) The phospholipid tails are at the surface.
E) The phospholipid heads are on the inside.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
3) The viscous, superficial coating on the outer surface of the plasma membrane is called the
________.
A) glycocalyx
B) pseudopodia
C) inclusions
D) tubulin
E) cytosol
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
4) How do peripheral proteins contribute to the structure of the plasma membrane?
A) They form a structural element by being embedded in the plasma membrane.
B) Some form channels to permit passage of water molecules, ions, and small water-soluble
compounds into and out of the cell.
C) Some may function as catalysts.
D) They are attached to either the inner or outer surface of the membrane.
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
5) Substances that enter the cell usually do so through the ________.
A) cholesterol
B) glycocalyx
C) glycolipids
D) integral proteins
E) peripheral proteins
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
6) The general functions of the plasma membrane include ________.
A) physical isolation of the cell contents from the surrounding extracellular fluid
B) regulation of exchange of materials with the environment
C) sensitivity to changes in the extracellular fluid
D) structural support of the cell
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
7) Which statement describes how the plasma membrane is used in communication and
sensitivity?
A) It serves as a storage site for large amounts of proteins for future use by the cell.
B) It effectively isolates the cytoplasm from the surrounding fluid environment.
C) It serves as an impermeable membrane.
D) It acts as a site for the attachment of glycoproteins and glycolipids, which act as receptors for
molecules present in the extracellular fluid.
E) It provides for specialized connections between neighboring cells, giving tissues a stable
structure.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
8) Because the plasma membrane restricts some substances and permits others through, it is
referred to as being ________.
A) structurally rigid
B) impermeable
C) selectively permeable
D) freely permeable
E) both structurally rigid and selectively permeable
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
9) Which of the following is a passive process for material movement across a plasma
membrane?
A) receptor-mediated endocytosis
B) phagocytosis
C) exocytosis
D) active transport
E) facilitated diffusion
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
10) An active process for transporting extracellular fluid, such as water and small molecules,
across a plasm membrane is ________.
A) phagocytosis
B) pinocytosis
C) osmosis
D) diffusion
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
11) Iron ions and cholesterol are brought into the cell by the process of ________.
A) pinocytosis
B) phagocytosis
C) receptor-mediated pinocytosis
D) active transport
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
12) Carbon dioxide moves through the plasma membrane through the process of ________.
A) diffusion
B) osmosis
C) facilitated diffusion
D) active transport
E) both diffusion and osmosis
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
13) Processes involved in the movement of substances across a membrane at the expense of
ATP, via exchange pumps, are classified as ________.
A) osmosis
B) diffusion
C) filtration
D) facilitated diffusion
E) active transport
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
14) What is the term for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a
low solute concentration to a high solute concentration?
A) facilitated diffusion
B) osmosis
C) filtration
D) active transport
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
15) The extracellular fluid contains high concentration of ________.
A) potassium ions
B) dissolved and suspended proteins
C) amino acids
D) sodium ions
E) lipids
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
16) Which of the following statements accurately describes cytosol?
A) The term encompasses all material inside the cell.
B) It is the fluid content inside the cell.
C) It contains much less protein than the extracellular fluid.
D) It contains large amounts of carbohydrates.
E) It is composed of the intracellular structures known as organelles.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
17) ________ are common inclusions in the cytosol of fat cells.
A) Glycogen granules
B) Suspended proteins
C) Lipid droplets
D) Dissolved proteins
E) Metabolic enzymes
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
18) Which of the following is another name for cytosol?
A) intracellular fluid
B) gelatin
C) interstitial fluid
D) extracellular fluid
E) integral proteins
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
19) The protein-synthesizing organelles are the ________.
A) nucleus
B) Golgi apparatus
C) mitochondria
D) lysosomes
E) ribosomes
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
20) Which of the following is a non-membranous organelle?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) mitochondria
C) nucleus
D) centriole
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
21) Which of the following is a function of microtubules?
A) being part of the spindle apparatus
B) control of metabolism
C) storage of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes
D) intracellular removal of damaged organelles or of pathogens
E) assist in DNA replication
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
22) Which of the following is a cylindrical structure composed of short microtubules?
A) DNA
B) chromatin
C) envelope
D) nucleolus
E) centriole
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
23) Why are microtubules considered among the non-membranous organelles?
A) They do not have their own enclosed membrane.
B) They are associated with the plasma membrane.
C) They are aggregated into bundles.
D) They are composed primarily of the protein actin.
E) They are comprised chiefly of the protein tubulin.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
24) Thick filaments ________.
A) form intermediate filaments to stabilize organelle position
B) are stable structures that do not change once formed
C) are called neurofilaments in neurons
D) interact with actin to produce contractions
E) form the spindle apparatus during cell division
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
25) If a cell lacked centrioles, it would be unable to ________.
A) direct the movement of chromosomes during cell division
B) move through the surrounding fluid
C) replicate its own DNA
D) manufacture proteins
E) move fluids or solutes across the plasma membrane
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
26) In the nucleus, what is the special protein to which DNA strands are bound?
A) tubulin
B) histone
C) cytokeratin
D) actin
E) myosin
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
27) Which cellular operation occurs in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A) regulation of protein synthesis
B) synthesis of RNA
C) DNA replication leading to cell division
D) synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids
E) synthesis of ribosomes via nucleoli
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
28) The nucleus of a cell ________.
A) is completely enclosed with no way in or out
B) contains only the DNA
C) is surrounded by a double layered membrane
D) it contains large proteins that form the chromosomes and are the genetic material for the cell
E) has all of these attributes
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
29) Which of the following is a vesicle that contains enzymes?
A) ribosome
B) lysosome
C) nucleosome
D) chromosome
E) hyaluronan
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
30) Manufactured proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum are delivered to the Golgi
apparatus by ________.
A) cisternae
B) bulk transport
C) transport vesicles
D) ribosomal RNA
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
31) Renewal or modification of the plasma membrane is the major function of which organelle?
A) lysosomes
B) Golgi apparatus
C) peroxisomes
D) mitochondria
E) cytoskeleton
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
32) Which organelle determines the structural and functional characteristics of the cell by
controlling protein synthesis, determining what proteins are synthesized, and in what amounts?
A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) ribosomes
D) mitochondria
E) nucleus
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
33) Which of the following synthesizes the components of ribosomes?
A) nuclear envelope
B) nuclear pore
C) nucleoplasm
D) nucleosome
E) nucleolus
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
34) The cell theory states that ________.
A) cells are produced by the division of newly synthesized cells
B) cells are the largest structural units of life
C) cells are structural “building blocks”
D) cells perform limited, nonessential functions
E) All of the statements are correct
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
35) ________ increase surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials.
A) Cilia
B) Microvilli
C) Flagella
D) Centrioles
E) Mitochondria
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
36) Peripheral proteins are attached to the surface of the plasma membrane, while ________ are
embedded within the membrane.
A) histone proteins
B) lysosomal proteins
C) transport vesicles
D) integral proteins
E) peroxisomal proteins
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
37) The membrane of a cell is composed of a(n) ________ bilayer.
A) endoplasmic
B) cytoskeleton
C) phospholipid
D) steroid
E) glycolipid
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
38) In osmosis, the substance(s) moved across a selectively permeable membrane is/are
________.
A) water
B) extracellular fluid and its associated solutes
C) gases, small inorganic ions and molecules
D) glucose and amino acids
E) fluid and cellular wastes
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
39) “Little organs” inside a cell that have specialized functions are called ________.
A) glycocalyx
B) organelles
C) microvillus
D) intracellular fluids
E) microfilaments
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
40) Dissolved ions and water-soluble compounds cannot cross the ________ portion of a plasma
membrane.
A) integral protein
B) carbohydrate
C) peripheral protein
D) glycocalyx
E) lipid
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
41) Channels in the plasma membrane that can open or close to regulate the passage of water,
small ions, and water-soluble molecules are called ________ channels.
A) hydrophobic
B) solute
C) diffusion
D) gated
E) osmotic
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
42) ________ help stabilize the plasma membrane structure and maintain its fluidity.
A) Sterols
B) Carbohydrates
C) Phospholipids
D) Glycolipids
E) Peripheral proteins
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
43) Small, finger-shaped projections of the plasma membrane are termed ________.
A) flagella
B) centrioles
C) thick filaments
D) microvilli
E) cilia
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
44) ________ is/are the substance(s) involved in facilitated diffusion.
A) Only water
B) Glucose and amino acids
C) Lipid-soluble materials
D) Small organic ions and molecules
E) Extracellular fluid
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
45) A passive process that involves movement of substances from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ________.
A) osmosis
B) pinocytosis
C) exocytosis
D) diffusion
E) phagocytosis
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
46) A transport process that produces cytoplasmic vesicles filled with extracellular fluid is called
________.
A) exocytosis
B) active transport
C) osmosis
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis
E) pinocytosis
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
47) Factors affecting the rate of phagocytosis include the presence and abundance of ________.
A) extracellular pathogens or debris
B) receptors on the plasma membrane
C) calcium ions and ATP
D) target molecules
E) carrier proteins, solutes, and ATP
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
48) Compared with extracellular fluid, a sample of cytosol has ________.
A) high quantities of carbohydrate
B) a high concentration of sodium ions
C) a relatively high concentration of dissolved or suspended proteins
D) low reserves of amino acids and lipids
E) a relatively low concentration of potassium ions
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
49) The cytosol contains a high concentration of ________ ions, while the extracellular fluid
usually contains a high concentration of ________ ions.
A) calcium; magnesium
B) potassium; sodium
C) magnesium; calcium
D) sodium; potassium
E) hydrogen; chloride
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
50) ________ are slender strands, usually composed of the protein actin.
A) Microtubules
B) Thick filaments
C) Microfilaments
D) Myosin filaments
E) Neurofilaments
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
51) Microtubules, thick filaments, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments are all part of the
cell’s ________.
A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) plasma membrane
C) cytoskeleton
D) Golgi apparatus
E) centrosome
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
52) ________ provide strength, stabilize organelles, and transport materials within the
cytoplasm; they are defined by their size rather than composition, which varies from cell to cell.
A) Cilia
B) Thick filaments
C) Microfilaments
D) Tubulin filaments
E) Intermediate filaments
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
53) A ________ moves a cell through the surrounding fluid, rather than moving the fluid past a
stationary cell.
A) flagellum
B) centriole
C) neurofilament
D) cilium
E) thick filament
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
54) ________ are organelles that contain an unusual double-layered membrane, and functions in
producing most of the ATP in the body.
A) Ribosomes
B) Microvilli
C) Lysosomes
D) Mitochondria
E) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
55) Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through (the)
________.
A) perinuclear space
B) nuclear pores
C) histones
D) nuclear matrix
E) nucleosomes
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
56) At intervals, the DNA wind around special proteins, forming a complex called ________;
this complex may also coil around other special proteins.
A) chromosome
B) histone
C) nuclear matrix
D) chromatin
E) nucleosome
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
57) A major function of the Golgi apparatus is ________.
A) the synthesis and packaging of secretions
B) the renewal or modification of the nuclear envelope
C) packaging of lipids for use in lysosomes
D) detoxification and neutralization of cellular toxins
E) degradation of bacteria and organic debris
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
58) The ________ is the organelle that synthesizes the components of ribosomes.
A) nucleolus
B) centrosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) nucleosome
E) endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
59) The continual movement and exchange of vesicles to and from the plasma membrane is
called ________.
A) osmosis
B) active transport
C) membrane flow
D) facilitated diffusion
E) exocytosis
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
60) ________ are organelles filled with digestive enzymes, which function in the intracellular
removal of pathogens and damaged organelles.
A) Peroxisomes
B) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) Centrosomes
D) Lysosomes
E) Mitochondria
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
61) Peroxisomes function in the ________.
A) production of ATP required by the cell
B) absorption and breakdown (catabolism) of fatty acids
C) movement of materials over the cell surface
D) control of metabolism
E) synthesis of secretory products
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
62) Which type of cell junction attach an epithelial cell to extracellular structures.
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Spot desmosomes
C) Gap junction
D) Tight junction
E) All of these choices are correct
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
63) At structures called ________, two cells are held together by membrane proteins that
function as a narrow passageway, allowing ions, small metabolites, and regulatory molecules to
pass from cell to cell.
A) anchoring junctions
B) CAMs
C) focal adhesions
D) zonula adherens
E) cell junctions
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
64) A/an ________ is a form of an anchoring junction that encircles a cell.
A) cytokeratin
B) macula adherens
C) CAM
D) adhesion belt
E) connexons
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
