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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The process of treating archaeological remains to stop or reverse decay and deterioration is called 1) A) conservation. B) reconstruction. C) analysis. D) excavation. Answer: A
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 2) Sites are known and suspected locations of human activity in the past that contain 2) A) wealth beyond our dreams. B) a record of that activity. C) human buildings. D) none of the above. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 3)
Excavation has two goals: to find every scrap of evidence (or a statistically representative sample)
about the past that a given site holds, and to 3) A) prove that evolution is a fact. B) record the horizontal and vertical locations of that evidence with precision. C) find the buried treasure there. D) find the missing link. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 4)
The remote sensing technique that is based upon the fact that the earth has a strong magnetic field
that varies by what is beneath the ground is called 4) A) excavation. B) soil interface radar. C) geomagnetic sensing. D) ground penetrating radar. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 5) Which of the following is not an example of a feature? 5) A) a midden B) a hearth C) a stone axe D) a building Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 1
6) The “Ice Man,” found in the Italian Alps, was about ________ years old. 6) A) 10,000 B) 40,000 C) 2 million D) 5,000 Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 7)
________ makes use of the principle that if an object is heated at some point to a high temperature,
it will release all the trapped electrons it held. 7) A) Paleomagnetic dating B) Fission-track dating C) Thermoluminescence dating D) Electron spin resonance dating Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 8) ________ dates rocks in terms of the sequence of geomagnetic patterns in them. 8) A) Paleomagnetic dating B) Electron spin resonance dating C) Thermoluminescence dating D) Fission-track dating Answer: A
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 9) ________ can sometimes be dated by measuring the buildup of patina over it/them. 9) A) Hearths B) Rock art C) Pottery D) Obsidian Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 10) The study of site disturbance and destruction is called 10) A) pedestrian. B) remote sensing. C) taphonomy. D) geomagnetics. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 11) ________ are simply holes dug by humans that are later filled with garbage or eroded soil. 11) A) Pits B) Dumps C) Living floors D) Hearths Answer: A
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 2
12) To offset their partial destruction, archaeologists are ethically obligated to 12) A) hire security guards to protect the site. B) publish the results of their work. C) notify governmental agencies. D) sell artifacts to museums. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 13) Much of the evidence for primate evolution comes from 13) A) skin. B) skulls. C) teeth. D) feet. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 14)
________ has been extremely useful in East Africa, where volcanic events have occurred frequently
since the Miocene. 14) A) Uranium-series dating B) Fission-track dating C) Potassium-argon dating D) Paleomagnetic dating Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 15) Pollen found at an archaeological site is a good example of a(n) 15) A) feature. B) fossil. C) ecofact. D) artifact. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 16) Which of the following create(s) sites? 16) A) natural processes through which soils are built up B) volcanic activity C) erosion D) all of the above Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 3
17) A midden is a 17) A) palace. B) bog. C) garbage dump. D) none of the above. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 18) Radiocarbon has a half-life of ________ years. 18) A) 70 B) 5,730 C) 710 D) 2,720 Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 19) Artifact analysis includes all of the following except 19) A) discovering its use. B) metric analysis. C) putting a monetary value on it. D) establishing typologies. Answer: C
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 20) The earliest evidence archaeologists have of brewing dates it to 20) A) 1900-1950 A.D. B) 3500-3100 B.C. C) 10000-9500 B.C. D) 6500-6000 B.C. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 21) The two general categories of dating are absolute and 21) A) relative. B) chronometric. C) uranium. D) radiocarbon. Answer: A
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 22) Pedestrian survey is 22) A) high tech. B) low tech. C) both A and B. D) neither A nor B. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 4
23)
Archaeologists and paleoanthropologists rely on all of the following types of evidence to discover
the past except 23) A) artifacts. B) features. C) ecofacts. D) books. Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 24) Potassium argon dating can be used to date samples from 5,000 years up to 24) A) 300,000 years old. B) 3 million years old. C) 30 million years old. D) 3 billion years old. Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 25) When archaeologists finish a research project, their goal is 25) A) to identify and understand general trends in human biological and cultural evolution. B) to test specific explanations about human evolution and behavior. C) to create a culture history. D) all of the above. Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 26) The most common artifacts of the past are 26) A) iron tools. B) stone tools. C) wooden tools. D) plastic tools. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 27) Fossils are 27) A) particularly informative about human biological evolution. B) rare. C) common. D) both A and B. Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 5
28) Compared with paleoanthropologists, archaeologists are more concerned with recovering intact 28) A) ecofacts. B) features. C) fossils. D) artifacts. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 29) Humans began making ceramics about 29) A) 20,000 years ago. B) 10,000 years ago. C) 5,000 years ago. D) 3,000 years ago. Answer: B
Explanation: A) B) C) D) 30) Humans began using stone tools more than 30) A) five million years ago. B) ten million years ago. C) twelve million years ago. D) two and a half million years ago. Answer: D
Explanation: A) B) C) D) ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 31) How is the study of features different from the study of fossils, artifacts, and ecofacts? Answer: 32) List and discuss the ways in which sites are created. Answer: 33) What can paleoanthropologists learn from fossils? How do they learn these things? Answer: 34) How does an archaeologist decide what method or methods of dating to use in specific cases? Answer: 35) What do archaeologists learn from artifacts and how do they learn these things? Answer: 36) Provide an example and discussion of the importance of analyzing archaeological material in context. Answer: 37)
List and compare the four kinds of evidence that archaeologists and paleoanthropologists use in learning about
the past. Answer: 6
38)
Discuss the ways in which archaeologists and paleoanthropologists find sites. What are the advantages of each
general procedure? Answer: 39) List and discuss the differences between relative and absolute dating techniques. Answer: 40) What can archaeologists learn from examining ceramics? Answer: 7
Answer Key
Testname: C2
1) A
2) B
3) B
4) C
5) C
6) D
7) C
8) A
9) B
10) C
11) A
12) B
13) C
14) C
15) C
16) D
17) C
18) B
19) C
20) B
21) A
22) B
23) D
24) D
25) D
26) B
27) D
28) B
29) B
30) D
31) 32) 33) 34) 35) 36) 37) 38) 39) 40) 8
