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Multiple Choice Questions
1. In addition to investigations with bacteria that led to him being considered the Father of
Microbiology, Pasteur also
A. found that some molecules can exist as stereoisomers.
B. created aspartame.
C. separated organic acids using a microscope.
D. discovered polarized light.
E. found that some molecules can exist as stereoisomers AND separated organic acids using a
microscope.
2. The negatively charged component of the atom is the
A. proton.
B. nucleus.
C. neutron.
D. electron.
3. The part of the atom that is most involved in chemical reactivity is the
A. proton.
B. neutron.
C. electron.
D. nucleus.
4. Electrons
A. are found in areas outside the nucleus known as orbitals.
B. may gain or lose energy.
C. may move from one orbital to another.
D. are located farthest from the nucleus and have the least energy.
E. are found in areas outside the nucleus known as orbitals, may gain or lose energy, and may
move from one orbital to another.
5. The atomic number for an atom of a specific element is equal to
A. the number of electrons in a single atom of that element.
B. the number of electrons plus neutrons in a single atom of that element.
C. the number of protons in a single atom of that element.
D. the number of neutrons and protons in a single atom of that element.
6. Sharing of electrons between 2 atoms forms a(n)
A. hydrogen bond.
B. ionic bond.
C. covalent bond.
D. strong bond.
E. covalent bond AND strong bond.
7. If electrons are gained or lost in the formation of a bond, the bond is termed
A. covalent.
B. hydrogen.
C. ionic.
D. nonpolar.
8. Charged atoms are termed
A. ions.
B. neutrons.
C. molecules.
D. polymers.
9. Water
A. is a polar molecule.
B. is referred to as a universal solvent.
C. makes up over 70% (by wt.) of an organism.
D. is often a product or reactant in chemical reactions.
E. All of the choices are correct.
10. pH
A. is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration.
B. utilizes a scale from 5 to 8.
C. is a linear (not logarithmic) scale.
D. is an abbreviation for, “power of helium”.
E. is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration, utilizes a scale from 5 to 8 AND is a linear (not
logarithmic) scale.
11. The subunits (building blocks) of proteins are
A. nucleotides.
B. phospholipids.
C. amino acids.
D. carbohydrates.
12. If the side chains of amino acids contain carboxyl (-COOH) groups, they
A. contribute a positive charge to the amino acid at pH 10.
B. contribute a negative charge to the amino acid at pH 10.
C. have no effect on the charge of the amino acid at pH 10.
D. are considered acidic amino acids.
E. contribute a negative charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered acidic amino
acids.
13. Amino acids that contain many methyl (-CH3) groups
A. are considered hydrophilic.
B. are nonpolar.
C. carry a positive charge.
D. carry a negative charge.
E. are considered hydrophilic AND carry a positive charge.
14. D-amino acids are associated with
A. radioactive isotopes.
B. human proteins.
C. plant proteins.
D. bacterial cell walls.
15. The most important feature of a protein is its
A. secondary structure.
B. side group.
C. shape.
D. electric charge.
16. The helices and sheets of amino acids form a protein’s
A. primary structure.
B. secondary structure.
C. tertiary structure.
D. quaternary structure.
17. Acidic or basic amino acids are
A. readily soluble in water.
B. readily soluble in lipids.
C. able to form ions.
D. considered hydrophilic.
E. readily soluble in water, able to form ions AND considered hydrophilic.
18. The N terminal in a protein
A. is the end characterized by a free carboxyl group.
B. is the end characterized by a free amino group.
C. is typically found in the middle of a protein.
D. refers to that area of a protein that is bound to another protein.
19. Protein denaturation can
A. occur due to certain chemicals.
B. occur due to pH changes.
C. occur due to high temperature.
D. cause the protein to no longer function.
E. All of the choices are correct.
20. Which is true of carbohydrates?
A. They may be part of the structure of bacteria.
B. They may serve as a source of food.
C. They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
D. They may be bonded to proteins to form glycoproteins.
E. All of the choices are correct.
21. Carbohydrates
A. form only ring structures.
B. form only linear structures.
C. may interconvert between ring and linear structures.
D. contain both ring and linear portions within the same molecule.
22. Structural isomers
A. contain the same number of atoms/elements, but in different arrangements.
B. are exemplified by glucose and galactose.
C. are formed by different arrangements of the -COOH groups.
D. may be referred to as the -D and -L forms.
E. contain the same number of atoms/elements, but in different arrangements AND are
exemplified by glucose and galactose.
23. What type of bonding holds one strand of DNA to the complementary strand of DNA?
A. covalent
B. hydrogen
C. disulfide
D. ionic
24. The sugars found in nucleic acids consist of
A. 3 carbon atoms.
B. 5 carbon atoms.
C. 7 carbon atoms.
D. 9 carbon atoms.
25. Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A. adenine
B. ribose
C. thymine
D. uracil
E. ribose AND uracil
26. Which shows the incorrect complementary base pairing?
A. A:T
B. G:C
C. G:T
D. A:U
E. A:T, G:C AND A:U
27. The components of fats are fatty acids and
A. amino acids.
B. nucleotides.
C. phosphate.
D. glycerol.
E. All of the choices are correct.
28. In general, when saturated fats are compared to unsaturated fats (assuming the same number of
carbon atoms in the molecule)
A. they have about the same melting temperature.
B. saturated fats have a lower melting temperature.
C. unsaturated fats have a lower melting temperature.
D. No generalizations can be made since melting temperature is strongly influenced by other
factors.
True / False Questions
29. If you placed the molecule in a vertical orientation, then from top to bottom, the two parallel
strands of DNA are both oriented in the same, 5′ to 3′, direction.
True False
30. RNA is a long double-stranded helix containing ribose and uracil.
True False
31. Lipids, like nucleic acids and proteins, are made of strings of similar subunits.
True False
32. Steroids are simple lipids.
True False
33. Water soluble substances easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane.
True False
Multiple Choice Questions
34. The positively charged component of the atom is the
A. electron.
B. neutron.
C. proton.
D. quark.
35. The uncharged component of the atom is the
A. electron.
B. proton.
C. neutron.
D. muon.
36. Which determines the chemical and physical properties of an atom of an element?
A. electron
B. neutron
C. atomic weight
D. atomic number
37. The atom, as a whole, is uncharged because
A. the number of protons equals the number of neutrons.
B. the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons.
C. neutrons neutralize the charges.
D. the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
