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ANSWERS FOR CHAPTER 2
“GETTING STARTED THROUGH PREWRITING” (p. 14)
Below we provide suggested responses to selected activities in Chapter 2. In some cases, other
responses are possible.
1. Set A
3 Abortion
2 Controversial social issue
5 Cutting state abortion funds
4 Federal funding of abortions
1 Social issues
Set B
4 Business majors
3 Students’ majors
1 College students
2 Kinds of students on campus
5 Why students major in business
2. “Day care,” “male and female relationships,” and “international terrorism” are clearly too broad to be
used as topics for a two- to five-page essay.
3. Here are some descriptions of possible purposes, tones, and points of view for the various topics and
audiences.
Overcoming shyness
— for 10-year-olds
Purpose: to reassure them, help them feel safer
Tone: lively, optimistic
Point of view: ex-shy adult
— for teachers of 10-year-olds
Purpose: to help teachers encourage shy children
Tone: explanatory
Point of view: psychologist
— for young singles
Purpose: to show how easy talking to others can be
Tone: pep talk
Point of view: an extroverted young single
22
Telephone solicitations
— for people training for a job
Purpose: to motivate
Tone: upbeat
Point of view: high-powered successful phone salesperson
— for homeowners
Purpose: to advise how to handle
Tone: angry
Point of view: experienced homeowner
— for readers of a humor magazine
Purpose: to make fun of telephone sales pitches
Tone: mocking
Point of view: call recipient
Smoking
— for people who have quit
Purpose: to reinforce their decision with benefits
Tone: supportive and informative
Point of view: medically informed quitter
— for smokers
Purpose: to demolish their reasons for smoking
Tone: sarcastic
Point of view: a smoke hater
— for elementary-school children
Purpose: to warn them of dangers
Tone: serious
Point of view: a concerned parent
5. Here are some possible patterns that might work with these topics and purposes:
a. Topic: the failure of recycling efforts on campus
Pattern: cause-effect
b. Topic: the worst personality trait that someone can have
Pattern: description or illustration
c. Topic: the importance of being knowledgeable about national affairs
Pattern: argumentation-persuasion
