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Chapter 2
Exercise 2.1
1. Circle: My brother and I
Underline: are similar in some ways but very different in other ways
2. Circle: Expanding your vocabulary
Underline: is one of the best things you can do for yourself
3. Circle: The Wee Care Preschool
Underline: should extend its closing time from 5:30 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.
4. Circle: Safe lifting of heavy objects
Underline: requires the use of three specific techniques
5. Circle: The installation of a traffic light at the intersection of Mull Road and Town Center Drive
Underline: would improve safety for both motorists and pedestrians
Exercise 2.2
1. Distance learners: Successful distance learners share several characteristics.
2. Attending community college: When high school seniors are deciding which colleges to apply to,
they should not rule out their local community college.
3. Errors in logic: Most of these errors can be sorted into two categories: those that ignore issues
and those that oversimplify issues.
Exercise 2.3
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.4
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.5
1. second-person
2. third-person
3. first-person
4. second-person
5. third-person
Exercise 2.6
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.7
1. Apps for college students: third-person
2. Body language: second-person
3. Credit cards: first-person
Exercise 2.8
1. sentence 1
2. sentence 2
3. third-person
4. sentences 3-10
5. sentence 11
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with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
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Exercise 2.9
1. Drugs: (1) first sentence, (2) second sentence, (3) sentences 3-8, (4) sentence 9
2. Concentrating: (1) sentences 1-3, (2) sentence 4, (3) sentences 5- 16, (4) the last sentence
3. Apps for college students: (1) first sentence, (2) second sentence, (3) sentences 3-7, (4) sentence 8
Exercise 2.10
1. Circle: A successful job interview
Underline: requires preparation and practice
2. Circle: Four different types of financial aid
Underline: will help you pay for your college expenses
3. Circle: High school and college
Underline: differ in several important respects
4. Circle: Extreme, sustained stress
Underline: has negative mental, psychological, and physical effects
5. Circle: All successful leaders
Underline: usually have five specific traits in common
Exercise 2.11
1. “Television vs. Real-Life Criminal Investigations”: The criminal investigations depicted in
fictional television shows and actual crime scene investigative units differ in terms of manpower,
resources, and time constraints.
2. Memo to Mr. Charles Morgan: A tuition reimbursement program would be an excellent
investment in one of Bank of Burke’s greatest assets—its employees—and its benefits would far
outweigh its costs.
3. “In Defense of Police Pursuits”: Police pursuits are a necessary and justifiable tool that officers
must sometimes use to perform their duties.
Exercise 2.12
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.13
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.14
1. second-person
2. third-person
3. first-person
4. third-person
5. first-person
Exercise 2.15
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.16
1. “Memories of My Father”: first-person
2. “Decision-Making and Problem-Solving”: second-person
3. “Why Americans Think (Wrongly) That Illegal Immigrants Hurt the Economy”: third-person
Exercise 2.17
1. paragraph 1
2. Goleman’s concept of emotional intelligence includes five characteristics.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed
with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
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3. third-person
4. paragraphs 2-6
5. paragraph 7
Exercise 2.18
1. “Memories of My Father”: Paragraph 1 is the opening paragraph. The thesis is “More than
anything from my childhood, I’d want to retrieve feelings I experienced with my father when I
was a young boy.” Paragraphs 2-4 are body paragraphs. Paragraph 5 is the closing paragraph.
2. “Television vs. Real-Life Criminal Investigations”: Paragraph 1 is the opening paragraph. The
thesis is “The criminal investigations depicted in fictional television shows and actual crime
scene investigative units differ in terms of manpower, resources, and time constraints.”
Paragraphs 2-4 are body paragraphs. Paragraph 5 is the closing paragraph.
3. “In Defense of Police Pursuits”: Paragraph 1 is the opening paragraph. The thesis is “Police
pursuits are a necessary and justifiable tool that officers must sometimes use to perform their
duties.” Paragraphs 2-4 are body paragraphs. Paragraph 5 is the closing paragraph.
Exercise 2.19
Answers will vary. Possible answers: Use upper- and lower-case letters. Follow the rules for grammar,
punctuation, and spelling. Sign the message with first and last name. Provide telephone number.
Politely thank the reader.
Exercise 2.20
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.21
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2.22
Answers will vary.
Chapter 3
Exercise 3.1
Answers will vary. Sample answers:
1. Buying products in America helps create and maintain U.S. jobs.
2. We can solve our problem two different ways.
3. High blood pressure usually develops gradually.
4. The information helped all of us.
5. Your time sheet hours vary greatly from week to week.
6. Lack of organization contributed to my low grade in my Art Appreciation class.
7. Three local businesses are sponsoring this year’s fundraiser.
Exercise 3.2
1. Stress can cause insomnia.
2. We provide our employees a good salary, paid vacations, medical insurance, and retirement
benefits.
3. Doctors recommend yearly mammograms for women over age 50 to help detect breast cancer.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed
with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
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4. The security guards could use video cameras to monitor the entire building.
5. Hospital policy governs the release of information regarding a patient’s condition.
6. Last year, United Way agencies served over 60,000 people.
7. The president presents the final budget draft to the board of directors.
Exercise 3.3
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3.4
Answers will vary. Sample answers:
1. Our public school teachers deserve a raise.
2. I could have made a B in algebra if I had studied more.
3. Using a tanning bed increases your risk of skin cancer.
4. You may be having an allergic reaction.
5. If we want to finish this project on time, we’ll have to find a way to compromise.
6. Some people oppose same-sex unions, but same-sex couples should have the right to marry.
7. The defendant is not guilty.
Exercise 3.5
1. simple
2. compound
3. complex
4. compound
5. complex
6. simple
7. simple
8. compound
Exercise 3.6
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3.7
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3.8
Answers will vary. Sample answers:
A. Successful people achieve the goals they set for themselves because of their habit of using time
wisely. They do not waste time. They know that time is limited and fast-moving, and they
choose to devote their hours to completing tasks that will move them closer to where they want to
be. Successful people also control their time. They stay focused and refuse to allow interruptions
and digressions, so others cannot easily pull them away from a task.
B. An effective computerized slide show, such as a PowerPoint presentation, should enhance the
audience’s interest, understanding, and memory. Therefore, you should make it easy to read by
using contrasting colors and large font size with upper- and lowercase letters, not all capital
letters. Don’t use too much text because then the audience is reading the slides rather than
listening to what you’re saying. The slides should list just key terms to complement the verbal
message you’re delivering, not replace it. Also, the slides should be visually pleasing, not
cluttered with too much clip art, animations, photos, graphs, or charts. Spacing and indenting
should be used to show the relationships between the key terms and short phrases on each of the
slides because that will reinforce the audience’s understanding of the information you’re
presenting.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed
with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
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Exercise 3.9
1. Let’s eat, Grandma.
2. The jogger found a $20 bill lying in the road.
3. Tom likes Brussel sprouts more than she.
4. If the customers don’t buy all the hotdogs, throw the leftover hot dogs in the trash.
5. I didn’t answer the phone; I was rude.
6. Today, I read newspaper articles about my friend Joe, a serial killer, and our town’s “Citizen of
the Year.”
7. Jogging on the treadmill, I enjoy listening to music.
Exercise 3.10
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3.11
1. probly
2. dependant
3. alright
4. seperate
5. succede
6. untill
7. nessesary
Exercise 3.12
Rewritten sentences will vary.
1. Rule 1. Many mistakes occur during the training of a dog.
2. Rule 3. Study for one hour, and then take a short break. If you rest your mind for 10 minutes and
then go back to studying, you will concentrate better.
3. Rule 3. To speed up your note-taking during lectures, use abbreviations and write in cursive
rather than print. Consider using a laptop if you professor allows, but make sure you sit near an
electrical outlet in the classroom. Also, use a pen that writes smoothly.
4. Rule 4. According to scientists, dark chocolate, asparagus, honey, and coconut are foods that can
improve your mood and energy.
5. Rule 2 (redundant words and hedging). We added the numbers incorrectly.
6. Rules 1 and 4. An individual can choose to drink alcohol or say no when offered an alcoholic
beverage.
7. Rule 2 (redundant words and passive voice). A search and rescue team found two hikers who
were lost in the woods.
8. Rules 1 and 2. Too many commercials air during this television program.
Exercise 3.13
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3.14
Answers will vary.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed
with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
