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Chapter 2
Test Questions
1. Multiculturalism is such a prominent theme in counseling that it has been referred to as:
a. The melting pot.
b. The salad bar.
c. The fourth force.
d. The bizarre bazaar.
2. _________________ should be regarded as the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional
features of a society or a social group.
3. Culture is a learned behavior.
True False
4. _______________ refers to acknowledging and valuing many cultures within a society rather than just one
mainstream culture.
5. _______________ is a term that refers to the process by which a person evaluates another culture, using his
own culture of origin as the basis for determining acceptability or desirability of the behavior.
6. Subtle expressions of prejudice that are continually present in human interactions are known as
_______________.
7. Assuming Asian Americans and Latino Americans are foreign-born, is an example of
_____________.
8. In Bronfenbrenner’s model, the cultural roles and cultural values are most intensely expressed at the
a. Macrosystem level.
b. mesosystem level.
c. Microsystem level.
d. Exosystem level.
9. One drawback to a prescriptive approach to counseling minorities, is that
a. There are not enough large groups that are different.
b. It would be too difficult for counselors to become competent in counseling every minority group.
c. Counselors rarely have prescription privileges.
d. It assumes that values give rise to beliefs, and consequently to behavior.
10. _______________ model examines cultural values from an ecological perspective.
11. The extent to which less powerful members of a society except that power is distributed equally is known as
_______________.
12. Children in a high power distance culture are expected to take responsibility for taking care of their elders
throughout their elders’ lives.
True False
13. The Hofstede construct based on the anxiety that individuals experience about future outcomes is known as
_______________.
14. Three forms that cultures have developed to deal with anxiety about the future are:
a. Lawyers, guns and money.
b. Sex, drugs and music.
c. Military, governments, and parades
d. Technology, laws, and religion
15. The United States tends to lean heavily toward individualism, while China historically has taken a
collectivistic approach.
True False
16. In __________________ there is a high emphasis on responsibility, conformity, and adjustment to social
norms.
17. In _________________ there is a high emphasis on valuing emotional expressiveness, creativity, and
empathy.
18 . _________________ refers to the ability to spontaneously restructure one’s knowledge, in many ways, and
adaptive response to radically changing situational demands.
19. The process of discussing aspects of treatment with a new client is referred to as ____________.
20. When a counselor determines that he can absolutely not work with a client’s worldview, a counselor should:
a. Discuss these conflicts with the client.
b. Immediately terminate with a client.
c. Continue working with the client.
d. Charge a premium fee
Answer Key
Chapter 2
1. C
2. Culture
3. True
4. Multiculturalism
5. Ethnocentrism
6. Microaggression
7. Microinvalidation
8. A
9. B
10. Hofstede
11. Power distance
12. True
13. Uncertainty avoidance
14. D
15. True
16. High masculinity, low femininity
17. High femininity, low masculinity
18. Cognitive flexibility
19. Informed consent
20. A
