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Chapter 2 Quiz A, page 1 of 2
In these sentences use the most appropriate strategies to decide which word best fits the context
of the sentence. Circle your answer.
1. The key feature of a persuasive presentation is that it attempts to get others to “buy” an idea,
plan, or recommendation. Although an element of persuasion can be found in any presentation,
persuasive briefings focus on this aspect extensively. (Bienvenu & Timm, Business Communication)
a. significantly b. insignificantly
c. not very much d. briefly
2. Early political leaders, such as Thomas Jefferson, argued that everyone needed to be literate if
the United States were to become a political democracy. At that time, because the United States
was both poor and rural, only a fraction of the population was able to read and write. (Macionis,
Social Problems)
a. live in cities b. able to make money
c. able to read and write d. working
3. The first Europeans to arrive in North America found a continent populated by more than 350
native societies speaking nearly as many distinct languages. (Faragher, Buhle, Czitrom & Armitage,
Out of Many)
a. indistinct b. unclear
c. related d. separate
4. Declining personal incomes due to economic recession; dwindling government resources at
the state and federal levels; the steady arrival of new drugs, new procedures, and advanced
technologies; and the difficulty of persuading people to change risky behaviors means that
Americans are likely to spend a higher proportion of their incomes on health care in coming
years. (Kornblum & Julian, Social Problems)
a. decreasing b. growing
c. increasing d. unchanging
5. An attitude is a relatively stable opinion containing both beliefs about the topic and emotional
feelings about it. (Wade & Tavris, Invitation to Psychology)
a. unpredictable b. firm
c. not fixed d. unsound
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Chapter 2 Quiz A, page 2 of 2
6. Using the mail or e-mail allows a researcher to contact a large number of people over a wide
geographic area at minimal expense. (Macionis, Sociology 9e)
a. great b. large
c. maximum d. very small
7. While being a member of a clique can give a person a sense of belonging, it can also deprive a
person of forming friendships with a variety of people. (Pruitt, Crumpler and Prothrow-Stith, Health
Skills for Wellness)
a. provide a way b. keep from happening
c. encourage d. promote
8. The governments of some American colonies were based on the idea of a compact, an agreement
legally binding two or more parties to enforceable roles. (Berman and Murphy, Approaching Democracy)
a. requiring b. hinting
c. suggesting d. recommending
9. Experiments are contrived situations designed to test specific hypothesis. (Belk and Borden, Biology:
Science for Life)
a. made up, not real b. real
c. authentic d. difficult
10. While cultural differences are often subtle, economic differences can be fairly pronounced.
(Griffin and Ebert, Business 7e)
a. obvious b. slight
c. spoken clearly d. without bias
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Chapter 2 Quiz B, page 1 of 3
Using the strategies you decide are most appropriate, define the underlined words and phrases.
1. Violence in America is a topic that garners much interest, concern and debate in this country.
How police respond to violence, especially police use of force, is of particular concern to many
of us. Everyone agrees that police officers should only use force when it is necessary and only
the minimum amount of force necessary. (Phoenix Police Chief Hurtt, “Use of Force Limited”)
garners ____________________________________________________________________________
2. A well-reported story will tell you “who,” “what,” “when,” “where” and “how.” The best
newspapers will go on to tell you “why.” This is why many important stories are flanked by
“sidebars.” These are supporting stories that offer the “why” —background and analysis — to help
you understand and evaluate. (Adapted from Cronkite, How to Read a Newspaper)
flanked ____________________________________________________________________________
sidebars ____________________________________________________________________________
3. Weather changes both rapidly and slowly. The passage of a thunderstorm can change a bright
sunny day into a dark, windy, rainy one in less than an hour. Farmers know that in one year the
amount and timing of rainfall can be nearly ideal for growing crops, while the next year might
bring droughts or floods. In some years no hurricanes reach the Atlantic Coast, while in other
years coastal states are battered by one storm after another.
In many cases, variations in weather are random; like lucky and unlucky spells of a gambler they
occur without any apparent cause. (NOAA “Our Changing Climate,” Reports to the Nation)
droughts ___________________________________________________________________________
random ____________________________________________________________________________
apparent ___________________________________________________________________________
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4. Since the first antibiotic — penicillin — became generally available in World War II, we have
steadily grown more casual about infections. We worry less about diseases our ancestors often
died of — illnesses like tuberculosis, pneumonia, food poisoning, ear and throat infections —
because we have antibiotic drugs our forebears never had.
But now, medical experts say, we’re paying the price for our complacency. These miracle drugs are
becoming less effective. (Pavuk Wright, “Restoring the wonder to wonder drugs,” AARP Reports)
our forebears ________________________________________________________________________
complacency ________________________________________________________________________
5. When suffering is unavoidable, we can still choose our attitude about it. Christopher Reeve
had broken his neck but decided not to be broken by what had happened to him. His attitude is
heroic; his mastery of his situation is admirable. He has become a role model for how to retain
dignity in the face of tragedy. (Alexander, Adjustment and Human Relations)
unavoidable _________________________________________________________________________
retain dignity _______________________________________________________________________
6. As normal children, we were about eight months old when we uttered our first words and those
familiar sounds of “dada” or “mama.” Later we acquired more familiar words such as “hi” or
“bye-bye.” But the snowballing effect of our ability to use language occurred around the age of
eighteen months. At that age, we combined words, and this ability mushroomed our vocabulary.
Indeed, within two weeks after we first joined together words with meaning, we uttered as many
as seventy different combinations. Even more astounding is that the next week, we were providing
anyone who would listen with as many as 700 different word combinations. By the time we
reached the age of six, we had increased our vocabulary to as many as 8000 words. (Bittner, Each
Other)
snowballing effect ____________________________________________________________________
mushroomed ________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2 Quiz B, page 2 of 3
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Chapter 2 Quiz B, page 3 of 3
7. Formal schooling teaches children a wide range of knowledge and skills. But schools informally
convey a host of other lessons through what sociologists call the hidden curriculum. Activities
such as spelling bees and sports teach children cultural values such as competitive achievement
and success. In general, children receive countless formal and informal messages that their
society’s way of life is morally good. (Macionis, Sociology 7/e)
convey ____________________________________________________________________________
host _______________________________________________________________________________
8. Between 20 and 30 million Americans suffer from anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders, in which
people are plagued by persistent feelings of threat and of anxiety about everyday problems of
living are characterized by fatigue, back pains, headaches, feelings of unreality, a sensation of
weakness in the legs, and fear of losing control. (Donatelle and Davis, Access to Health 5/e)
plagued ____________________________________________________________________________
persistent ___________________________________________________________________________
9. According to a widely accepted explanation of human behavior, people have needs and motives
that propel them toward achieving certain goals. Needs and motives are closely related. A need
is an internal striving or urge to do something, such as a need to drink when thirsty. It can be
regarded as a biological or psychological requirement. … (DuBrin, Human Relations 5/e)
propel _____________________________________________________________________________
need ______________________________________________________________________________
10. During the early 1970s, administrative data processing dominated computer applications.
Bankers, college administrators, and advertising executives were amazed by the blinding speed at
which million-dollar mainframes processed data. Engineers and scientists were grateful for this
tremendous technological achievement, but they were far from satisfied. When business executives
talked about unlimited capability, engineers and scientists knew they would have to wait for
future enhancements before they could use computers to address truly complex problems. (Long
and Long, Computers 4/e)
dominated __________________________________________________________________________
enhancements _______________________________________________________________________
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Chapter 1 Quiz B continued
14. 4, 522
15. Although answers vary, predictions commonly include: The Declaration of Independence, The
Constitution, The Bill of Rights, and a listing of all the Presidents.
Chapter 2 Quiz A
1. a
2. c
3. d
4. a
5. b
6. d
7. b
8. a
9. a
10. a
Chapter 2 Quiz B
1. garners: gets or attracts
2. flanked: surrounded by; placed on either side
sidebars: supporting stories that offer the background and analysis
3. droughts: prolonged period of dry weather causing a serious shortage of water
random: without plan, haphazard
apparent: obvious, easily seen or understood
4. our forebears: ancestors
complacency: smugness, overconfidence
5. unavoidable: inevitable, cannot be avoided
retain dignity: keep/maintain self-respect
6. snowballing effect: increasing rapidly and out of control like a ball of snow rolling downhill
mushroomed: rapidly increased
7. convey: communicate in words and actions
host: multitude, great number
8. plagued: troubled
persistent: enduring, seemingly without end
9. propel: move or push forward
need: an internal striving or urge to do something
10. dominated: controlled, accounted for the most usage
enhancements: improvements
