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Chapter 2
Development of the Profession
MULTIPLE-CHOICE
1. All of the following are criteria for classifying an occupation as a profession EXCEPT
a. Specialized knowledge and preparation.
b. Exercise of discretion.
c. Code of professional standards.
d. Articulated standards for periodic evaluation.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding teachers’ exercise of discretion?
a. Teachers ‘ decisions need to be in harmony with those of their peers.
b. NCLB has served to place limits on teachers’ exercise of discretion.
c. Teachers are free agents in their classrooms.
d. Teachers are constrained by state requirements.
3. The preamble of the NEA Code of Ethics recognizes the supreme importance of
a. Justice, equity, and freedom for all.
b. The pursuit of truth, devotion to excellence, and the highest professional standards.
c. Moral integrity, professional competence, and the nurture of democratic principles.
d. Imparting knowledge, fostering the development of the whole child, and promoting moral
character.
4. Professional codes of ethics
a. Serve as standards for the behavior of members of the profession.
b. Have the status of law.
c. Are imposed by a public agency.
d. Are monitored and enforced by a professional organization.
5. Which of the following is NOT true regarding professional standards for teachers? They
a. Have been promoted by the school reform movement.
b. Are reflected in the INTASC standards for beginning teachers.
c. Are reflected in the NBPTS standards for experienced teachers.
d. Are required by NCLB.
6. Action research
a. Can best be undertaken by an individual teacher.
b. Has become an increasingly popular tool to improve practice.
c. Yields the best results when undertaken by trained researchers.
d. Involves collaborative projects between schools and institutions of higher education.
7. Which of the following in NOT a benefit of tenure?
a. It encourages people to enter teaching.
b. It protects teachers from arbitrary and capricious dismissal.
c. Tenured teachers do not have to be evaluated as frequently as new teachers.
d. Tenure statutes provide for orderly review and due process.
8. Which of the following is NOT one of the basic stages or career ladder levels?
a. Pre-professional.
b. Apprentice teacher.
c. Professional teacher.
d. Master teacher.
9. The teacher-leader position
a. Has been opposed by the major teacher organizations.
b. Allows teachers to gain administrative certification without pursuing an advanced degree.
c. Ranges from formal roles such as department chair to grant-writing work at the district or state
level.
d. Is not recognized as an area of licensure in any state.
10. Teacher evaluation
a. Is required by law in less than one-half of the states.
b. Increasingly includes student performance data.
c. Is not required of tenured teachers.
d. Is best performed by peer teachers.
11. Formative evaluation
a. Is designed to assess terminal behavior or overall performance.
b. Is externally controlled and judgmental.
c. Is used to make determinations about continued employment or placement on the career ladder.
d. Is geared to promote reflection and support professional growth.
12. Which is NOT true of beginning teacher evaluation?
a. Normally takes place at the end of the school year
b. Is usually made by the school principal
c. Is usually more intensive than that of experienced teachers
d. Often includes criteria based on the Praxis or INTASC standards
13. The primary goal of both the National Education Association (NEA) and the American Federation of
Teachers (AFT) is
a. Promotion of the status of teachers and their working conditions.
b. Socialization and peer monitoring.
c. Provide professional development to members.
d. Establishment of certification standards.
14. Professional organizations attempt to influence public policy by each of the following means EXCEPT
a. Filing amicus briefs with the courts.
b. Testifying before Congress.
c. Running for public office.
d. Lobbying state and federal legislators.
15. Compared to the NEA and AFT, specialized organizations for teachers
a. Do not take positions on the selection of textbooks and instructional materials.
b. Are more involved in direct negotiations on issues affecting the working conditions of their
members.
c. Are more politically active.
d. May include parents and interested citizens.
ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. As a new teacher, what would you expect from a professional organization for teachers?
2. What should be done to promote the recognition of teaching as a profession?
3. What can be done to make teacher evaluation a positive experience?
4. What do you think will be your greatest challenge(s) as a new teacher? What strategies do you have for
addressing these challenges?
Chapter 2
1. d.
2. c.
3. b.
4. a.
5. d.
6. b.
7. c.
8. a.
9. c.
10. b.
11. d.
12. a.
13. a.
14. c.
15. d.
