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Introduction to Geography, 6e (Dahlman/Renwick)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Geography
1) Geography is
- A) place names.
- B) the study of places, and how places interact spatially to form patterns.
- C) rivers and mountains.
- D) maps.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
2) The first book titled “Geography” was
- A) Greek.
- B) Roman.
- C) Chinese.
- D) Mayan.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
3) In 1402, a world map was produced which was by far the most accurate representation for the times. This map was produced in which country?
- A) England
- B) Spain
- C) Korea
- D) China
- E) the United States
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 2. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments in a spatial context
Learning Outcome: 2. Describe the scope of Geography
4) The Greek word Geographica means “earth description” and was first coined by ________, who at the time was the director of the library at Alexandria.
- A) Erastosthenes
- B) Hipparchus
- C) Polymethus
- D) Cadmus
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 2. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments in a spatial context
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
5) In The Tribute of Yu, the outermost geographical zone was inhabited by
- A) peasants.
- B) the royal family.
- C) the army.
- D) barbarians.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 2. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments in a spatial context
Learning Outcome: 2. Describe the scope of Geography
6) Which of Earth’s four physical systems is a living system?
- A) atmosphere
- B) hydrosphere
- C) biosphere
- D) lithosphere
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
7) Earth’s solid portion composed of rocks and the sediments overlying them is the
- A) atmosphere.
- B) hydrosphere.
- C) lithosphere.
- D) biosphere.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
8) A group of organisms and the nonliving physical and chemical environment in which they interact is
- A) a biosphere.
- B) an ecosystem.
- C) a closed system.
- D) a vernacular region.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 8. Physical Systems: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems and biomes on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
9) An ecosystem is where ________ interact with each other through the exchange of matter, energy and stimuli.
- A) plant groups
- B) plants and animals
- C) oceanic biota
- D) animal groups
- E) rock types
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 8. Physical Systems: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems and biomes on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
10) Which of the following statements about regions is true?
- A) All regions have precise boundaries.
- B) Everyone agrees on the extent of all regions.
- C) Geographers decide what phenomena to use to define a region.
- D) Features used to define regions must be clear and distinct on the landscape.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
11) Which is NOT an example of a formal region?
- A) the area where a particular language is spoken
- B) the area where most people belong to a particular religion
- C) the area of dominance of a particular crop
- D) the market area of a supermarket
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
12) A city and its metropolitan area form an example of a
- A) climatic region.
- B) functional region.
- C) nodal region.
- D) uniform region.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
13) The study of the distribution of objects across Earth’s surface and the processes by which human and environmental phenomena move from one place to another is
- A) area analysis.
- B) spatial analysis.
- C) community succession.
- D) biodiversity.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
14) The position, placement, or arrangement of something throughout space is its
- A) concentration.
- B) distribution.
- C) density.
- D) pattern.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
15) The geometrical arrangement of objects within an area is its
- A) pattern.
- B) density.
- C) distribution.
- D) concentration.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
16) A culture hearth is
- A) a region from which innovative ideas originate.
- B) the material traits of a particular culture.
- C) a region in which people of different origins live.
- D) the evolution of a landscape.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the concept of diffusion
17) Which is an example of contagious diffusion?
- A) English colonists bringing their language to America
- B) the introduction of tulip farms in Michigan by Dutch immigrants
- C) the sharing of music preferences among a group of friends
- D) the construction of Buddhist temples in Los Angeles
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the concept of diffusion
18) Diffusion
- A) is the result of relocation only.
- B) sometimes encounters barriers.
- C) terminates at a hearth.
- D) has decreased greatly in recent years due to advances in technology.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the concept of diffusion
19) Scientists found that the main cause of the diffusion of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa was
- A) people traveling to visit relatives.
- B) rhesus monkeys.
- C) migrant workers.
- D) long-distance truck drivers.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the concept of diffusion
20) An interdependent group of items interacting in a regular way to form a unified whole is a
- A) system.
- B) network.
- C) toponym.
- D) hearth.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
21) Which of the following will NOT bring about changes in relative location?
- A) the discovery of new trade routes
- B) the opening of a new highway
- C) a new tariff agreement between two countries
- D) latitude and longitude
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 2. Describe the scope of Geography
22) Regions
- A) are delineated by groups that insist on total agreement.
- B) are never political.
- C) are recognized by scholars only.
- D) are defined by one or more distinctive characteristics or features.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
23) The Earth rotates about its
- A) great circle.
- B) revolution.
- C) inclination.
- D) axis.
- E) equator.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
24) Longitude and latitude are measured using the unit terms of
- A) degrees, minutes.
- B) degrees, minutes, seconds.
- C) degrees, hours, minutes, seconds.
- D) miles, feet, inches.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
25) The meridian of 0 degrees longitude is also called the
- A) equator.
- B) Prime Meridian.
- C) 90 degree meridian.
- D) International Date Line.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
26) Most of the International Date Line follows
- A) 0 degrees latitude.
- B) 0 degrees longitude.
- C) 90 degrees latitude.
- D) 180 degrees longitude.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
27) The 0° meridian is also known as the
- A) International Date Line.
- B) equator.
- C) perihelion.
- D) Prime Meridian.
- E) geographic grid.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
28) What meridian is opposite the Prime Meridian?
- A) Tropic of Cancer
- B) 90° meridian
- C) 180° meridian
- D) 320° meridian
- E) Tropic of Capricorn
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
29) How many time zones are shared by the 48 conterminous U.S. states and the Canadian provinces?
- A) 3
- B) 4
- C) 5
- D) 6
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 3. Read and interpret Graphs and Data.
Learning Outcome: 9. Explain the purpose of the geographic grid system
30) Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the time at
- A) the International Date Line.
- B) the Prime Meridian.
- C) the meridian traveling through Washington DC.
- D) the meridian traveling through Paris, France.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 9. Explain the purpose of the geographic grid system
31) Maps are
- A) seldom used by geographers.
- B) two-dimensional representations of the earth.
- C) exact replications of features found on the earth.
- D) designed to show all the information known about a location.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
32) The statement “1:24,000” is an example of
- A) a bar scale.
- B) a fractional scale.
- C) a graphic scale.
- D) a map.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
33) The highest numerical measurement when calculating latitude is ________°.
- A) 90
- B) 100
- C) 180
- D) 360
- E) 45
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
34) The radius of the earth is about
- A) 8000 mi.
- B) 30,000 mi.
- C) 230,000 mi.
- D) 4000 mi.
- E) 93,000,000 mi.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
35) The Greenwich Meridian is also known as the
- A) perihelion.
- B) aphelion.
- C) Prime Meridian.
- D) equator.
- E) small circle.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
36) San Diego, California, is in the Pacific Standard Time Zone, while Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is in the Eastern Standard Time Zone. If it is 1 A.M., Monday, in Philadelphia, what time is it in San Diego?
- A) 4 A.M. Sunday
- B) 10 P.M. Sunday
- C) 4 A.M. Monday
- D) 11 P.M. Monday
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 9. Explain the purpose of the geographic grid system
37) The relationship between the size of an object on a map and its size on Earth’s surface is
- A) geography.
- B) spatial analysis.
- C) relief.
- D) scale.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
38) Which map would have the largest scale?
- A) city
- B) continent
- C) state
- D) world
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
39) A large-scale map represents a small portion of surface area at a high level of detail. Which fractional unit is NOT considered to be large-scale?
- A) 1/10
- B) 1/1,000
- C) 1/10,000
- D) 1/10,000,000
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
40) A map that accurately portrays land shape is called a(n)
- A) conformal projection.
- B) equidistant projection.
- C) equal area projection.
- D) azimuthal projection.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
41) In the Mercator projection, which piece of Earth is portrayed extremely large in comparison to its actual size?
- A) low-latitude locations
- B) Greenland
- C) Brazil
- D) the continental U.S.
- E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
42) If the scale of a map is 1:36,000, then 1 inch on the map equals how many FEET on Earth’s surface?
- A) 1
- B) 3,000
- C) 3,600
- D) 36,000
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
43) Distortion is least severe on
- A) small-scale maps.
- B) globes.
- C) large-scale maps.
- D) all maps.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
44) The original purpose of the Mercator projection was
- A) to produce an accurate equal area map.
- B) for the guidance of intercontinental missiles.
- C) for ocean navigation.
- D) to make the first map of the world.
- E) to befuddle introductory physical geography students.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
45) An orbiting satellite provides data for analysis by
- A) GIS.
- B) cartography.
- C) projection.
- D) remote sensing.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
46) GIS refers to
- A) Landsat.
- B) surveying.
- C) a computer system that stores, organizes and analyzes geographic data.
- D) an agency of the United Nations.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
47) GIS analysis would not be possible without
- A) computers.
- B) satellites.
- C) cell phones.
- D) government agencies.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
48) Which method of data acquisition is NOT considered to be in the class of remote sensing?
- A) aerial photography
- B) weather satellite data
- C) landsat satellite data
- D) rain gauge data
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
49) GPS devices were originally developed
- A) for use by surveyors.
- B) to create more accurate global maps.
- C) as a navigational device for military uses.
- D) to send information to satellites.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
50) Geography as a discipline began during the Renaissance period in Europe.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
51) Europeans are the only people to have developed geography.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
52) The bookstore is a ten-minute walk from campus. This is an absolute measure of distance.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
53) Increases in ship size caused oil shipments to sail around Africa rather than through the Suez Canal.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
54) Russia is the largest country in the world.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
55) Everything about a formal region is the same throughout the region.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 5. Places and Regions: That people create regions to interpret Earth’s complexity
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
56) The area in which an idea originates is known as a hearth.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the concept of diffusion
57) The most important barriers to diffusion today are physical features of Earth’s surface.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 4. Describe the concept of distance decay
58) Absolute location and relative location are the same thing.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
59) A study of people’s commuting habits, focusing on where they live in relation to where they work, would be a study of spatial interaction.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
60) Vernacular regions normally do not have well-defined boundaries.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 5. Places and Regions: That people create regions to interpret Earth’s complexity
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
61) In geography, density normally means a measure of the amount of something per unit of area on Earth’s surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
62) A system is an interdependent group of items interacting in a regular way to form a unified whole.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
63) Oceans cover the majority of the Earth’s surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
64) The physical environment can affect human activities in many ways.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
65) Human populations have grown as a result of developing technologies to transform the Earth’s surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
66) Atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere function together to create environments for the biosphere.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
67) Absolute location can be pinpointed on the Earth’s surface through use of latitude and longitude.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 9. Explain the purpose of the geographic grid system
68) Meridians are lines on a map that are drawn east-west and measure latitude.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
69) Lines of latitude are called meridians.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
70) A line of measurement extending from pole to pole which is at a 90-degree angle with the equator is called a meridian.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
71) The world is divided into twenty different time zones.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 9. Explain the purpose of the geographic grid system
72) A map is usually much smaller than the part of the Earth’s surface it represents.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
73) A map scale 1:5000 would be better for showing city streets than a map of scale 1:500,000.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
74) The Earth’s circumference is close to 25,000 miles.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
75) On the globe, meridians cross all parallels perpendicularly.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
76) Of seconds, degrees, and minutes of latitude, minutes are associated with the shortest distances.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
77) A globe is a better model of the Earth than a flat map.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
78) Maps are inherently inaccurate because they attempt to depict the curved surface of Earth on a flat sheet.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
79) An equal-area map projection is one that has no distortion.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
80) With regard to map projections, conformity and equivalence are, in general, mutually exclusive properties.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
81) GIS relies on information stored in a computer database.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
82) Global positioning systems (GPS) were developed originally for commercial applications.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
83) In GIS use, vector data specify location.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
84) GIS is rarely useful for everyday life.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
85) An approach to geography that focuses on the characteristics of places and regions is called ________.
Answer: area analysis
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
86) What does “distance decay” mean?
Answer: As the distance between two things increases, the degree of interaction between them decreases.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 4. Describe the concept of distance decay
87) Name Earth’s four physical systems.
Answer: Atmosphere; biosphere; hydrosphere; lithosphere.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain the importance of the human-environment tradition within Geography
88) Explain the difference between density, concentration, and pattern.
Answer: Density is the number of objects per unit area, concentration refers to how those objects are dispersed, and pattern refers to whether or not the objects form a regular geometric pattern or appear to be randomly placed.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
89) The imaginary plane that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation and is halfway between the poles called the ________.
Answer: equator
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain the geographic grid system
90) A two-dimensional representation of the Earth’s surface is a(n) ________.
Answer: map
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
91) What does the term “scale” mean, in the context of maps?
Answer: The size of an object on the map in comparison to its size on Earth’s surface.
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
92) Data concerning Earth’s surface obtained from satellites or high-flying aircraft are referred to as ________.
Answer: remote sensing
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Learning Outcome: 11. List three techniques that have contributed to the field of Geography
93) What is the difference between raster and vector data?
Answer: Raster data are arranged in a rectangular grid of same-sized cells. Vector data are based on points with X and Y coordinates to specify location.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 12. List three analytical methods that are used by geographers
94) Discuss the change in the discipline of geography over the past 500 years in terms of the kinds of questions geographers ask.
Answer: As Geography developed over the centuries, questions that were inherently local or regional started to have a larger geographic focus. As explorers attempted to chart the earth, regional geography developed. And as those regional characteristics were analyzed, commonalities were found that led to the development of topical and systematic geography that are more universal in their applications.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 2. Describe the scope of Geography
95) Discuss the nature of geography.
Answer: Geography examines the spatial distribution of physical and cultural phenomena on the landscape. It also investigates the patterns of those phenomena which form distinct regions, as well as the interrelationships among those regions.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: What Is Geography?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 1. Define the field of Geography
96) Explain relative location and situation.
Answer: Relative location is locating a place by referencing it to another location. Situation refers to a site’s location relative to other sites, and how those sites interact with each other.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
97) What is a functional region? Provide an example using a characteristic of your hometown or college campus.
Answer: A functional region is defined by the interaction between places, often based on a particular trait. An example would be the geographic area from which students commute to attend classes at your college.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 4. Places and Regions: The physical and human characteristics of places
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
98) Provide an example of each of the following: a) formal region; b) functional region; c) vernacular region.
Answer: An example of a formal region would be New York State. It is the area over which the government of New York State has jurisdiction. An example of a functional region would the area that can receive a radio station signal. An example of a vernacular region could be those areas where people have an allegiance to a particular sports team.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Contemporary Geography
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 3. The World in Spatial Terms: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 3. Identify the major subfields of Geography
99) How do maps communicate geographic information?
Answer: Maps provide a two dimensional simplified representation of features found on the earth. As a result, geographic information that is difficult to recognize when standing on the Earth often becomes apparent through the use of maps.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mapping Earth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe how maps communicate geographic information
100) Describe how GIS works and discuss some of its applications.
Answer: Geographic information systems utilize database to store spatial and non-spatial information that can be then used to analyze, interpret and display geographic information. GIS is the basis for many modern applications such as Internet mapping services such as Google Maps and location features on smart phones.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geographic Information Technology
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 1. The World in Spatial Terms: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information
Global Sci LO: 8. Communicate effectively in writing.
Learning Outcome: 13. Know how those analytical methods analyze geographic information
Introduction to Geography, 6e (Dahlman/Renwick)
Chapter 5 Earth’s Resources and Environmental Protection
1) Anything created through natural processes that people use and value is a
- A) natural resource.
- B) human-made resource.
- C) potential resource.
- D) renewable resource.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 1. List the three factors that determine whether something created by natural processes is a natural resource
2) A natural resource is defined by three elements:
- A) cultural values, technology and economic system.
- B) resource availability, technology and economic system.
- C) cultural values, resource availability and economic system.
- D) cultural values, technology and resource availability.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 1. List the three factors that determine whether something created by natural processes is a natural resource
3) Renewable energy sources include all of the following EXCEPT ________ power.
- A) hydroelectric
- B) solar
- C) tidal
- D) nuclear
- E) wind
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
4) Which of the following is a renewable resource?
- A) gas
- B) hydroelectric power
- C) coal
- D) plutonium
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
5) Which of the following would NOT be considered a natural resource?
- A) oil
- B) forests
- C) water
- D) computers
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 1. List the three factors that determine whether something created by natural processes is a natural resource
6) Which of the following is NOT a nonrenewable resource?
- A) oil
- B) iron ore
- C) gold
- D) water
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
7) Which of the following is important in stabilizing resource prices and limiting problems caused by resource scarcity?
- A) nonrenewable resources
- B) source separation
- C) substitutability
- D) potential resources
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
8) A group of countries that agree to control the market by limiting production in order to drive up prices is
- A) a cartel.
- B) a world bank.
- C) an
- D) an ecumene.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
9) Which of the following is NOT a common method of disposing of solid waste?
- A) oceanic submergence
- B) recycling
- C) landfills
- D) incineration
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
10) Nearly all transportation systems rely on this energy source.
- A) coal
- B) oil
- C) wood
- D) solar energy
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
11) OPEC
- A) is a cartel of oil-producing countries.
- B) consists of Middle Eastern countries only.
- C) has been able to take complete control over oil prices.
- D) is always in total agreement in matters of production and price of oil.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
12) Applying the principal of supply and demand, which of the following is likely to be true of wheat in Saudi Arabia?
- A) The demand will be high and the price will be low.
- B) The supply and price will be high.
- C) The price will be low; therefore, the demand will be greater.
- D) The supply will be low and the price will be high.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
13) In most developing countries, the largest proportion of energy is supplied through
- A) coal.
- B) oil.
- C) wood.
- D) solar energy.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
14) The world’s most important energy resource today is
- A) coal.
- B) petroleum.
- C) wind.
- D) nuclear.
- E) natural gas.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
15) For U.S. and Canadian industry, the main energy resource is
- A) oil.
- B) uranium.
- C) natural gas.
- D) coal.
- E) running water.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
16) For electric generation in the United States, the main energy resource is
- A) coal.
- B) oil and natural gas.
- C) wood.
- D) solar energy.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
17) China is the leading producer of ________, but the United States is also a major producer and user.
- A) coal
- B) natural gas
- C) wood
- D) solar energy
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
18) Russia is the leading producer of
- A) coal.
- B) natural gas.
- C) wood.
- D) solar energy.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
19) When plants die and become fossilized, the energy within them becomes trapped until it is mined and burned in the form of
- A) coal.
- B) oil.
- C) wood.
- D) solar energy.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
20) China is the leading producer of
- A) natural gas.
- B) coal.
- C) oil.
- D) all fossil fuels.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
21) North America and Europe account for nearly three-fourths of the world’s
- A) oil production.
- B) energy consumption.
- C) population.
- D) coal production.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
22) Which of the following is NOT true of oil?
- A) When burned it is actually releasing stored solar energy.
- B) It is deposited next to coal.
- C) It was created over millions of years and is still being created.
- D) It is a nonrenewable resource from the human perspective.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
23) A newly discovered conventional oil reserve is most likely to be found
- A) beneath the sea floor.
- B) in the Middle East.
- C) in Texas.
- D) in the Appalachian Mountains.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
24) Photovoltaic electric production
- A) is a direct conversion of solar energy to electricity, such as in solar-powered calculators.
- B) is heat collected directly from sunshine.
- C) is a result of the heat absorbed by collectors, such as those on rooftops.
- D) is carried in water or other liquids to places where it is needed.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
25) What will most likely be the best source of new energy resources in the future?
- A) hydroelectric
- B) oil
- C) solar
- D) conservation
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
26) Which of the following is NOT true of developed countries?
- A) They comprise about one-fourth of the world’s population.
- B) They possess more than 60 percent of the world’s coal.
- C) They contain nearly 80 percent of the world’s oil reserves.
- D) They contain more than 60 percent of the world’s natural gas.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
27) Which country relies on nuclear energy for approximately 20 percent of its electricity?
- A) France
- B) Belgium
- C) South Korea
- D) Taiwan
- E) the United States
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
28) A condition where warmer air lies above cooler air, limiting vertical circulation and trapping pollutants near the surface, is
- A) photochemical smog.
- B) temperature inversion.
- C) source separation.
- D) photovoltaic cells.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain how dissolved oxygen indicates the health of a stream or lake
29) Sulfur oxides are a major component of acid rain; they come primarily from the burning of
- A) fossil fuels.
- B) peat.
- C) animal waste.
- D) wood.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
30) The “universal solvent,” able to dissolve and transport a wide range of substances, is
- A) water.
- B) air.
- C) wind.
- D) soil.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain how dissolved oxygen indicates the health of a stream or lake
31) Which of the following is NOT true of non-point source pollutants?
- A) They come from a large, diffuse area.
- B) They are easier to control than point sources.
- C) They include fertilizer washed from a field.
- D) They usually pollute in greater quantities than point sources.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
32) The presence of which of the following indicates the health of a stream or lake?
- A) chlorofluorocarbons
- B) hydrocarbons
- C) sulfur dioxide
- D) dissolved oxygen concentrations
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain how dissolved oxygen indicates the health of a stream or lake
33) The leading consumer and polluter of water in the United States is
- A) industry.
- B) agriculture.
- C) household use.
- D) municipalities.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
34) Smog, the product of NOX, sunlight, and ________, is created by chemical reactions that occur in the atmosphere.
- A) carbon monoxide
- B) sulfur oxides
- C) hydrocarbons
- D) particulates
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
35) Nitrogen oxides (NOX) and ________ combine with water and fall to Earth as acid rain.
- A) carbon monoxide
- B) sulfur dioxides
- C) hydrocarbons
- D) particulates
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
36) In the United States, when would you expect the worst pollution problems?
- A) winter
- B) spring
- C) summer
- D) at night
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
37) A strategy that can maintain the productivity of a resource even as it is being used is
- A) sustained yield management.
- B) incineration.
- C) source separation.
- D) recycling.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the reasons for variability in mineral use
38) Forests do NOT
- A) store carbon that otherwise would be in the atmosphere.
- B) absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
- C) reduce erosion and aid in flood prevention.
- D) cover only 3 percent of the Earth’s surface.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
39) Coal is an example of a renewable resource.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
40) One hundred years ago in the United States, wetlands were generally considered to be wastelands that should be eliminated.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 1. List the three factors that determine whether something created by natural processes is a natural resource
41) The price of a mineral fluctuates according to the factors of supply, of demand, and according to the perception of future supplies and demands.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
42) In the economic sense, an externality is an expense passed on to taxpayers by businesses.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 7. Demonstrate the ability to make connections across Geography.
43) Mineral resources are evenly distributed throughout the world.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
44) Most of the solid waste generated in the United States is deposited in landfills.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
45) Recycling has become so important in the United States that 80 to 85 percent of all municipal wastes are recycled.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
46) Since 1973, OPEC has used its control of oil as a political weapon in world affairs.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
47) Hydroelectric power provides 15 percent of the total commercial energy production in the United States.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
48) Hydroelectric power offers great potential as a future energy source in the United States.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
49) Oil prices in 2000 were the lowest they had been in nearly two decades.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
50) Aluminum resources are widely distributed throughout the world, and most industrial countries have enough to meet their needs.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 3. Explain the reasons for variability in demand for metals
51) To avoid a decline in prices for some minerals, producing countries have occasionally joined together in cartels—organizations that agree to control and limit production.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 7. Demonstrate the ability to make connections across Geography.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
52) Fossil fuels possess energy that is ultimately traced back to the sun.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
53) The world “reserves,” when used in the context of amounts of minerals that can be recovered for use, is an economic term, not a geographical or geological term.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
54) The world geography of both minerals and energy supplies reveals that the countries that have the most of any resource are not necessarily those that produce the most, the countries that produce the most do not necessarily consume the most, and the key to wealth is the ability to use resources.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 3. Explain the reasons for variability in demand for metals
55) Oil shales and tar sands contain trillions of barrels of oil that are chemically locked in the formations.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
56) The world has enough coal to last more than 400 years at present rates of consumption.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
57) Hydrocarbon emissions are a major contributor to smog formation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
58) The worst air pollution problems in the world are in the developed countries.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
59) Acid deposition is minor in the American Midwest.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
60) When sewage is added to a river, one effect is an increase in dissolved oxygen levels.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain how dissolved oxygen indicates the health of a stream or lake
61) There is no proven relationship between acid rain and the burning of coal for energy production.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
62) Nearly half of the United States’ forests are classified as virgin.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
63) Sustained yield management for forests is more prevalent in developing countries than in developed countries.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
64) About half the world’s forests are protected from cutting.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
65) An increase in total forest mass should lead to a decrease in either the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and/or the rate at which the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is growing.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
66) What is the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable resource?
Answer: A renewable resource regenerates itself naturally if used carefully; a nonrenewable resource is not naturally regenerated (or is regenerated at rates that are much slower than any reasonable rate of use).
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
67) If petroleum is in short supply relative to demand, its price tends to rise. How does this affect the demand for coal?
Answer: When oil prices rise, demand for coal rises to the extent that coal can be substituted for oil.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 2. Explain the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource
68) In the 1970s the price of copper rose rapidly, but since then it has declined substantially. In what ways do these variations demonstrate the effect of substitutability on mineral resource use?
Answer: Once a suitable substitution for copper was economically viable, the demand for copper declined, making the copper more affordable.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 3. Explain the reasons for variability in demand for metals
69) It has been said that recycling has grown too fast in the United States. Explain.
Answer: In many cases we have generated more recyclable waste than the market for these materials can accept; manufacturers may need to develop ways to use recycled materials or produce products that generate less waste.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
70) How has concern over safety affected the cost of nuclear power?
Answer: Nuclear power has become more expensive as safety concerns have slowed plant construction and required more complex engineering.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
71) What are common air pollutants?
Answer: They include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and particulates.
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
72) What is photochemical smog?
Answer: A mixture of pollutants including hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and oxidants; the latter are produced in the atmosphere by photochemical reactions.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
73) What are the major air pollutants that contribute to acid deposition?
Answer: Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
74) What kind of temperature condition can result in air pollution?
Answer: temperature inversion
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 6. Explain how acid deposition develops
75) What is temperature inversion, and how does it affect urban air pollution problems?
Answer: A layer in the atmosphere in which warmer air lies above cooler air; it makes pollution worse by limiting vertical circulation.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 7. Explain where acid deposition occurs
76) What is meant by the term “nonpoint pollution”? Give examples.
Answer: Pollution that does not come from a defined site such as a pipe or a smokestack; examples of nonpoint water pollution include agricultural runoff, and urban runoff; windblown dust is an example of nonpoint air pollution.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
77) How is pollution prevention different from pollution control?
Answer: Pollution prevention means not producing pollutants: pollution control means removing them from waste before discharging the waste to the environment.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Air and Water Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
78) What is sustained yield forestry?
Answer: The number of trees harvested does not exceed those replaced by new growth.
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
79) List three important uses of forest resources that do not require harvesting trees.
Answer: watershed; recreation; wildlife habitat; carbon storage; grazing; native tree crops
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Forests
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 9. Describe how technology has changed our needs for wood resources
80) Describe, with examples, the influences of cultural values, level of technology, and economic systems on natural resource value.
Answer: Cultural values is when a resource is culturally important, such as the perceptual change of swamps to wetlands. Level of technology means that you have to have the technology to both gather the resources and process them into the needed form (petroleum to plastics). Economic Systems is that it must be profitable to gather and use the resources (sea floor extraction of petroleum for low priced gasoline).
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: What Is a Natural Resource?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 1. List the three factors that determine whether something created by natural processes is a natural resource
81) Describe the history of energy use in the United States over the past 200 years.
Answer: As wood for energy use depleted forests, different fuels were needed. Coal was first used as a substitute for wood in the mid-19th century. When motor vehicles were developed in the early 1900s oil became an important energy source. As technology developed to harness the energy from natural gas, the use of gas increased substantially. Coal is still used today, primarily for electricity production.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
82) Explain the arguments for and against nuclear power.
Answer: Nuclear power generates the same amount of energy from one kilogram of material as from two million kilograms of coal, which makes nuclear energy potential very abundant. However, a number of accidents at power plants have raised safety concerns. As a result, the development of new nuclear power plants has mostly halted.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
83) Discuss the relative merits of coal and nuclear power as energy supplies for the 21st century.
Answer: Coal is fairly abundant and there are still large reserves in many countries, including the United States. Also, coal is very cheap to obtain. Nuclear energy supplies a lot of power with a very small amount of material, making it a very abundant energy source.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the reasons for variability in mineral use
84) Discuss and analyze the environmental, economic, and political consequences of the United States’ energy use.
Answer: Most of the energy use in the United States is through fossil fuels. Fossil fuels release pollutants when consumed that can cause an increase in smog and greenhouse gases. The dependency on fossil fuels leads to economic and political vulnerability to changes in the markets for those fuels. Cartels have restricted prices to gain economic advantage, and wars have been fought to gain control of oil reserves.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 5. List three types of renewable energy resources
85) Discuss the nature of water pollution, its sources, and what can be done to control it.
Answer: Since water is the universal solvent, it is used in industrial, commercial, agricultural and residential operations. Through this use, the water incorporates contaminants and transports them downstream. There are two types of pollution sources, point and non-point. Point pollution is where the water exits a known location such as a pipe. Filters and sieves can be applied to these locations to remove most pollutants. Non-point pollution locations are more difficult as these have no specific place to intercept the contaminants, such as water running off a farm field. The planting of vegetative buffers or development of man-made wetlands have been used to intercept pollutants from these sources.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Geologic and Energy Resources
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Global Sci LO: 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
Learning Outcome: 8. Explain how dissolved oxygen indicates the health of a stream or lake
