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Chapter 1
True / False
1. Unless a manager gets people to move beyond mechanical compliance with directions and orders, leadership has not taken place.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: Leadership can also be defined as “the influential increment over and above mechanical compliance with directions and orders.” See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
2. The concept of leadership as a partnership concerns legal aspects of relationships.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Leadership is often regarded as a partnership or collaboration between leaders and group members. It concerns with several individuals within a team serving as leaders, both by formal and informal assignment. See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
3.
A major contributor to leader burnout is being responsible for an action that hurts so many people.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: A major contributor to leader burnout is being responsible for an action that hurts so many people, such as laying off workers. See “The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3, 1.4
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
4. Effective leaders have to be good managers or be supported by effective managers.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: Effective leaders have to be good managers themselves or be supported by effective managers. See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
5. A synthesis of several studies on managerial succession indicated that changes in leadership are usually associated with conditions of stability within the organization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: An overview of research on managerial succession over a recent twenty year period provides more support for the idea that leadership has an impact on organizational performance. Using different methodologies, these studies arrived at the same conclusion that changes in leadership are followed by changes in company performance. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
6. According to the substitutes for leadership viewpoint, certain factors in the work environment make the leader’s role almost superfluous.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: According to the substitutes for leadership viewpoint, factors in the work environment that provide guidance and incentives to perform, make the leader’s role almost superfluous. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
7. Part of the coach and motivator role is to provide team members with feedback concerning ineffective performance.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: An effective leader takes the time to coach and motivate team members, and sometimes to inspire large groups of people inside the organization. Providing team members with feedback concerning ineffective performance is part of the coach and motivator role of a leader. See “Leadership Roles.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: Leadership Roles
KEYWORDS: Blooms: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
8. Alexis is engaged in the team builder role when she performs individual contributor tasks on a regular basis.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Performing individual contributor tasks on a regular basis, such as making sale calls or repairing machinery is part of the technical problem solver role of a leader. See “Leadership Roles.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: Leadership Roles
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
9. A major part of the strategic planning role of leaders is to help the firm deal effectively with its internal environment.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Carrying out the strategic-planner role enables the manager to practice strategic leadership. One of the activities included under this category is helping the firm deal with the external environment. See “Leadership Roles.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: Leadership Roles
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
10. Being a leader often gives a person a chance to help people directly.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: A leader works directly with people, often teaching them job skills, serving as a mentor, and listening to personal problems. Part of a leader’s job is to help other people become managers and leaders. See “The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3, 1.4
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
11. Leadership limits the number of people in whom you can confide.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: The higher you rise as a leader, the lonelier you will be in a certain sense. Leadership limits the number of people in whom you can confide. See “The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3, 1.4
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
12. A cited advantage of being a leader is that a person is better able to avoid being involved in organizational politics.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: People at all levels of an organization, from the office assistant to the chairperson of the board, must be aware of political factors. Yet you can avoid politics more easily as an individual contributor than you can as a leader. As a leader you have to engage in political byplay from three directions: below, sideways, and upward. See “The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.3, 1.4
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Satisfactions and Frustrations of Being a Leader
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
13. The formula L = f (l, gm, s) implies that being made of the right stuff is the most important factor influencing leadership effectiveness.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: The formula, L = f (l, gm, s) implies that the leadership process is a function of the leader, group members (or followers), and other situational variables. See “A Framework for Understanding Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.5
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: A Framework for Understanding Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
14. The leadership process is a function of the leader, the group members, and other situational variables.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: According to the basic framework for understanding leadership, leadership is a function of both the leader and the led and the complexity of the context (setting and environment). See “A Framework for Understanding Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.5
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: A Framework for Understanding Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
15. Leader behavior and style refers to attributes of the group members that could have a bearing on how effective the leadership attempt will be.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Leader behavior and style refers to the activities engaged in by the leader, including characteristic approach, that relate to his or her effectiveness. See “A Framework for Understanding Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.5
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: A Framework for Understanding Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
16. A component of the general learning model applied to leadership skills is to obtain feedback on skill utilization from others.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: A component of the general learning model applied to leadership skills is to obtain feedback on skill utilization from others. See “Skill Development in Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.6
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: Skill Development in Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
17. The follower characteristic of competence refers to building skills that will make a person more marketable to other firms.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Effective followers build their competence and focus their efforts for maximum impact. Competence centers on mastering skills that will be useful to the organization. Less effective group members rarely take the initiative to engage in training and development. See “A Framework for Understanding Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.7
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: A Framework for Understanding Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
Multiple Choice
18. A defining aspect of leadership is that it includes the ability to
a. communicate with people.
b. delegate responsibility to others.
c. maintain equilibrium in the organization.
d. inspire people’s confidence and gain their support.
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: The common characteristic of leaders is their ability to inspire and stimulate others to achieve worthwhile goals. Therefore, leadership can be defined as the ability to inspire confidence and support among the people who are needed to achieve organizational goals. See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Easy
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
19. One of the definitions of leadership offered in the text deals with figuring out what is right rather than
a. having other people tell you what is right.
b. explaining what is right.
c. doing what is right.
d. duplicating what is right.
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: According to Rudy Giuliani, leadership involves first figuring out what’s right, and then explaining it to people, as opposed to first having people explain to you what’s right, and then just saying what they want to hear. See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
20. Leadership can be practiced
a. only in the executive suite.
b. at any level in the organization.
c. only by people whose job title includes “manager.”
d. only when employees are performing below standard.
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Leadership is not only found among people in high-level positions. Leadership is needed at all levels in an organization and can be practiced to some extent even by a person not assigned to a formal leadership position. See “The Meaning of Leadership.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.1
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Meaning of Leadership
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
21. According to an analysis of a group of studies, in terms of having an impact on company performance the leader was about as important as the
a. building in which the company headquarters is located.
b. decision to list a company on the stock exchange.
c. industry in which the company operated.
d. price of the stock.
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: A group of researchers analyzed 200 management techniques as employed by 150 companies over ten years. The study found that the choice of a CEO leader is as important as the choice of whether to remain in the same industry or enter a different one. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
22. Substitutes for leadership refers to
a. financial incentives that encourage people to work independently.
b. group members who are in charge when the leader is absent.
c. factors in the work setting that make leadership superfluous.
d. extra compensation given to employees who are asked to supervise their own work.
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Substitutes for leadership refers to factors in the work environment that provide guidance and incentives to perform, making the leader’s role almost superfluous. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
23. Intrinsically satisfying work can be a leadership substitute because such work
a. is so self-motivating that the worker requires very little leadership.
b. usually involves computer technology.
c. is usually performed when the leader is away.
d. lies outside the jurisdiction of leaders.
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: Employees who are engaged in work they find strongly self-motivating, or intrinsically satisfying, require a minimum of leadership. Part of the reason is that the task itself grabs the worker’s attention and energy. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge
NOTES: Digital story: Engage
24. The leadership irrelevance theory suggests that factors outside the leader’s control
a. work at cross purposes against the leader.
b. have a larger impact on business outcomes than does the leader.
c. are more relevant to group members than is the leader.
d. point leaders in an unethical direction.
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Pfeffer, in his leadership irrelevance theory, argues that factors outside the leader’s control have a larger impact on business outcomes than do leadership actions. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
25. According to the leadership studies of Jim Collins, the most important factor in organizational performance is the
a. personality of the organization.
b. personality of the leader.
c. product mix offered to the public.
d. efficiency of operations.
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: According to the findings of Jim Collins’ research, corporate leaders are slaves of much larger organizational forces. It is not the leader’s personality that makes a difference; more important is the organization’s personality. See “The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance.”
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.2, 1.3
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – BUSPROG – Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States – OHIO – DISC: Leadership Principles
TOPICS: The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension
NOTES: Digital story: Connect
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| True / False |
1. Contingency theories of leadership specify the personal characteristics of the leader that will contribute to effectiveness in a wide variety of situations.
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2. An example of a situational force in leadership is group member characteristics.
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3. According to Fiedler’s theory, task-motivated leaders perform the best in situations of high control and low control.
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4. According to Fiedler’s theory, relationship-motivated leaders perform the best in situations of low control.
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5. A major proposition of the path-goal theory is that the leader should engage in behaviors that run counter to the subordinates’ environment and abilities.
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6. If a leader wants to practice the path-goal theory of leadership, he should be prepared to compensate for the deficiencies of subordinates.
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7. According to the path-goal theory, the participative style is recommended when group members are performing repetitive tasks.
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8. The achievement-oriented leadership style works well with group members working on ambiguous and nonrepetitive tasks.
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9. In the situational leadership model II, the key contingency factor is the development level of group members as determined by commitment and competence.
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10. In the situational leadership model II, the supporting style leader emphasizes low directing, low supporting behaviors.
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11. In the situational leadership model II, when group members have the highest level of competence and commitment, the directing style is recommended.
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12. In the normative decision model, the leader examines certain factors within the situation to determine which decision-making style will be the most effective.
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