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Chapter 02

Job Performance

 

 

True / False Questions

 

1. Evaluating an employee’s performance based on results alone gives an accurate picture of which employees are worth more to the organization.

 

True    False

 

2. Job performance is formally defined as the value of the set of employee behaviors that contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment.

 

True    False

 

3. Task performance includes employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.

 

True    False

 

4. Task performance is the set of explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment.

 

True    False

 

5. Routine task performance involves employee responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or, at the very least, unpredictable.

 

True    False

 

6. Adaptive task performance involves employee responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or, at the very least, unpredictable.

 

True    False

 

7. Creative task performance is the degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.

 

True    False

 

8. Creative task performance is an expected behavior limited to jobs such as artist and inventor.

 

True    False

 

9. The first step in conducting a job analysis is to generate a list of all the activities involved in a job.

 

True    False

 

10. The O*NET is an online government database that describes the results of task performance behaviors that must be reported by firms to the government on an annual basis.

 

True    False

 

11. O*NET captures the “numerous small decisions” that separate the most effective organizations from their competitors.

 

True    False

 

12. Creative ideas that are not implemented do not count towards positive job performance.

 

True    False

 

13. Citizenship behavior is defined as voluntary employee activities that may or may not be rewarded.

 

 

True    False

 

 

14. Courtesy refers to keeping coworkers informed about matters that are relevant to them.

 

True    False

 

15. Sportsmanship involves maintaining a good attitude with coworkers, even when they’ve done something annoying or when the unit is going through tough times.

 

True    False

 

16. Interpersonal citizenship behavior is not important when employees work in small groups or teams.

 

True    False

 

17. Organizational citizenship behaviors benefit the larger organization by supporting and defending the company, working to improve its operations, and being especially loyal to it.

 

True    False

 

18. Boosterism involves speaking up and offering constructive suggestions for change.

 

True    False

 

19. Counterproductive behavior is defined as employee behaviors that unintentionally hinder organizational goal accomplishment.

 

True    False

 

20. Property deviance refers to behaviors that harm the organization’s assets and possessions.

 

True    False

 

21. Wasting resources is the most common form of production deviance.

 

True    False

 

22. Substance abuse is a form of political deviance.

 

True    False

 

23. Political deviance refers to behaviors that intentionally harm the organization’s assets and possessions.

 

True    False

 

24. Gossiping represents communication that is rude, impolite, discourteous, and lacking in good manners.

 

True    False

 

25. Personal aggression is defined as hostile verbal and physical actions directed toward other employees.

 

True    False

 

26. People who engage in one form of counterproductive behavior do not usually engage in other forms.

 

True    False

 

27. Sometimes the best task performers are also the employees who engage in counterproductive behavior.

 

True    False

 

28. There is a positive correlation between task performance and counterproductive behavior.

 

True    False

 

29. In addition to being more cognitive, knowledge work tends to be more structured and static in nature.

 

True    False

 

30. Service work involves direct verbal or physical interactions with customers.

 

True    False

 

31. Service work contexts place a greater premium on high levels of citizenship behavior and low levels of counterproductive behavior.

 

True    False

 

32. The MBO approach involves collecting performance information not just from the supervisor but from anyone else who might have firsthand knowledge about the employee’s performance behaviors.

 

True    False

 

33. BARS emphasizes the results of job performance as much as it does the performance behaviors themselves.

 

True    False

 

34. Feedback from BARS can help an employee develop and improve over time.

 

True    False

 

35. Very few 360-degree feedback systems ask the employee to provide ratings of his/her own performance.

 

True    False

 

36. Despite its popularity, 360-degree feedback is not well suited for developing employee talent.

 

True    False

 

37. There is a very low level of bias in a 360-degree rating system when participants believe the information will be used for compensation, rather than for skill development.

 

True    False

 

38. A company that tells managers that only 10% of their subordinates can receive excellent performance ratings anf an additional 12% must receive unacceptable rankings is using a percentage ranking system.

 

True    False

 

39. Forced ranking systems can force managers to give bad evaluations to good performers.

 

True    False

 

40. Social networking sites and their applications can be used to monitor employee performance.

 

True    False

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

41. The value of the set of employee behaviors that contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment is known as _____.

 

1. task identity

 

1. task orientation

 

1. job satisfaction

 

1. job performance

 

1. organizational commitment

 

 

42. _____ includes employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.

 

1. Task performance

 

1. Citizenship behavior

 

1. Counterproductive behavior

 

1. Job orientation

 

1. Organizational commitment

 

 

43. When a manager evaluated how much time a coach spends with the team, the coach’s ethical impact on team member behaviors, and the clarity of the coach’s explanations of new plays, the manager is assessing the coach’s ______.

 

1. job performance

 

1. team commitment

 

1. organizational commitment

 

1. productivity

 

1. leadership

 

 

44. The explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment are referred to as _____.

 

1. job orientation

 

1. citizenship behavior

 

1. organizational commitment

 

1. task performance

 

1. counterproductive behavior

 

 

45. Charles finds an advertisement for an accountant’s position at a local office. The advertisement mentions preparing, examining, and analyzing accounting records for accuracy and completeness as job responsibilities of the accountant’s position. These job descriptions typically refer to:

 

1. comprehension skills.

 

1. task performance.

 

1. counterproductive behavior.

 

1. citizenship behaviors.

 

1. organizational commitment.

 

 

46. _____ involves well-known responses to normal job demands that occur in a predictable way.

 

1. Job enhancement

 

1. Adaptive task performance

 

1. Counterproductive behavior

 

1. Routine task performance

 

1. Citizenship behavior

 

 

47. Paul, a ticket collector, performs his duty robotically every day. This refers to: _____.

 

1. sportsmanship

 

1. adaptive task performance

 

1. routine task performance

 

1. counterproductive behavior

 

1. citizenship behavior

 

 

48. Sandy works in a factory where employees are expected to complete 14 widgets each hour. The managers are very strict and frequently check to make sure employees are actually completing at least this base number of widgets each hour. The employees are being assessed on their ______.

 

 

1. routine task performance

 

1. pacing

 

1. interpretive task performance

 

1. work ability

 

1. creative task performance

 

 

49. _____ involves employee responses to job demands that are novel, unusual, or unpredictable.

 

1. Job dissonance

 

1. Adaptive task performance

 

1. Counterproductive behavior

 

1. Routine task performance

 

1. Citizenship behavior

 

 

50. For a kindergarten teacher, assisting her students out of a smoke-filled elementary school is an example of _____.

 

1. citizenship behavior

 

1. routine task performance

 

1. job dissonance

 

1. counterproductive behavior

 

1. adaptive task performance

 

 

51. Adaptability involves all of the following EXCEPT:

 

1. handling work stress.

 

1. solving problems creatively.

 

1. handling emergencies.

 

1. performing daily routine work.

 

1. responding to unpredictable demands.

 

 

52. Which of the following behaviors involved in adaptability deals with anticipating change in the work demands and searching for and participating in assignments or training to prepare for these changes?

 

1. Handling work stress

 

1. Solving problems creatively

 

1. Dealing with uncertain and unpredictable work situations

 

1. Learning work tasks, technologies, and work situations

 

1. Demonstrating interpersonal adaptability

 

 

53. Riya has become famous creating new styles in women’s formal wear. Her assistants copy the patterns created by her, cut cloth pieces and sew them into garments that look like her creations. The work done by Riya is a type of _____ whereas the work done by her assistants is a type of _____.

 

 

1. routine task performance; creative task performance

 

1. creative task performance; counterproductive behavior

 

1. citizenship behavior; counterproductive behavior

 

1. counterproductive behavior; creative task performance

 

1. creative task performance; routine task performance

 

 

54. Managers know what behaviors to emphasize in training programs and to assess when doing performance evaluations by referring to a ______.

 

1. job analysis

 

1. performance contract

 

1. cultural evaluation

 

1. organizational chart

 

1. structural analysis

 

 

55. Which of the following statements concerning job analysis is incorrect?

 

1. The first step in job analysis is to generate a list of all job activities.

 

1. A subject matter expert is consulted regarding the frequency and importance of all job activities.

 

1. A list of all job activities is generated using various sources of data such as surveys, employee interviews, and observations.

 

1. Activities with the lowest ratings are used to define job responsibilities.

 

1. Job analysis is used by many organizations to identify task performance behaviors.

 

 

56. The electronic database used to identify the set of behaviors needed to define task performance is known as the:

 

1. behaviorally anchored ratings scale network.

 

1. employment analysis network.

 

1. occupational information network.

 

1. task performance analysis network.

 

1. job responsibilities network.

 

 

57. Which of the following statements about the O*NET is false?

 

 

1. It captures the “numerous small decisions” that separate the most effective organizations from their competitors.

 

1. It is an online database.

 

1. It is involved in figuring out the important tasks for a given job.

 

1. It includes the characteristics of most jobs in terms of tasks.

 

1. It includes the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform a task.

 

 

58. _____ is defined as voluntary employee activities that may or may not be rewarded but that contribute to the organization by improving the overall quality of the setting in which work takes place.

 

1. Creative task performance

 

1. Adaptive task performance

 

1. Counterproductive behavior

 

1. Citizenship behavior

 

1. Routine task performance

 

 

59. Citizenship behaviors can be divided into the two main categories of:

 

1. intrapersonal and organizational.

 

1. interpersonal and intrapersonal.

 

1. organizational and political.

 

1. interpersonal and political.

 

1. interpersonal and organizational.

 

 

 

 

Check All That Apply Questions

 

60. Which of the following are considered organizational citizenship behaviors? (Check all that apply)

 

____   voice

 

____  helping

____  civic virtue

____  courtesy

____  sportsmanship

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

61. Which of the following behaviors benefits coworkers and colleagues and involves assisting, supporting, and developing other organizational members in a way that goes beyond normal job expectations?

 

1. Intrapersonal citizenship behavior

 

1. Interpersonal citizenship behavior

 

1. Organizational citizenship behavior

 

1. Production citizenship behavior

 

1. Political citizenship behavior

 

 

62. Interpersonal citizenship behaviors consist of all the following EXCEPT:

 

 

 

 

 

1. respect for others.

 

 

63. Interpersonal citizenship behavior includes:

 

 

1. civic virtue.

 

 

 

 

 

64. Don always maintains a good attitude with coworkers even when the department goes through tough times. Don’s behavior is an example of:

 

 

 

 

1. civic virtue.

 

 

 

65. Which of the following is false about interpersonal behavior?

 

 

1. A team whose members have good interpersonal behavior is likely to have a positive team atmosphere.

 

1. Interpersonal behavior is most important when employees work in small groups.

 

1. Interpersonal behavior is most important when employees work in large groups.

 

1. Behaviors that commonly fall under the “teamwork” heading are examples of interpersonal behavior.

 

1. Team members with good interpersonal behavior tend to work toward achieving common goals.

 

 

66. Which of the following is an organizational citizenship behavior?

 

1. Civic virtue

 

1. Courtesy

 

1. Representing self-interests in a positive way to the public

 

1. Sportsmanship

 

1. Behaviors that benefit employees with excess workloads

 

 

67. Some people react to bad rules or policies by constructively trying to change them, instead of passively complaining about them. This positive characteristic refers to:

 

 

 

 

1. civic virtue.

 

 

 

68. Natalie, Rose, and Charlet are three dental hygienists who work for Dr. Doris at Healthy White. All three hygienists perform almost the same tasks every day. On an average, they see 12 people every day for regular teeth cleaning which involves cleaning, flossing, rinsing, and a normal checkup. Dr. Doris, on the other hand, has quite an unpredictable job. She has to respond to all types of teeth-related emergencies including surgeries. All three hygienists always try to help each other out, have a very good attitude toward each other, and keep each other informed about matters that are relevant to them and to Dr. Doris. Natalie specifically takes on the role of attending all community-related voluntary meetings and functions where Healthy White may have a stake or is asked to be present. She makes sure that she is up to date with all dental regulations and business-related news that may have an impact on Healthy White. Rose and Charlet, on the other hand, can be described as the unofficial publicists of Healthy White. They always represent the clinic in a very positive way away from work. Dr. Doris couldn’t be happier to have such wonderful people working with her.

 

Natalie, Rose, and Charlet contribute most directly to the business goals of the Healthy White clinic through their:

 

1. creative task performance and interpersonal citizenship behaviors.

 

1. routine task performance and organizational and interpersonal citizenship behaviors.

 

1. interpersonal task performance and counterproductive behaviors

 

1. intrapersonal task performance and intrapersonal citizenship behaviors.

 

1. adaptive task performance and creative citizenship behaviors.

 

 

69. Rose, Natalie, and Charlet are three dental hygienists who work for Dr. Doris at Healthy White. All three hygienists perform almost the same tasks every day. On an average, they see 12 people every day for regular teeth cleaning which involves cleaning, flossing, rinsing, and a normal checkup. Dr. Doris, on the other hand, has quite an unpredictable job. She has to respond to all types of teeth-related emergencies including surgeries. All three hygienists always try to help each other out, have a very good attitude toward each other, and keep each other informed about matters that are relevant to them and to Dr. Doris. Natalie specifically takes on the role of attending all community-related voluntary meetings and functions where Healthy White may have a stake or is asked to be present. She makes sure that she is up to date with all dental regulations and business-related news that may have an impact on Healthy White. Rose and Charlet, on the other hand, can be described as the unofficial publicists of Healthy White. They always represent the clinic in a very positive way away from work. Dr. Doris couldn’t be happier to have such wonderful people working with her.

 

Dr. Doris contributes most directly to the business goals of the Healthy White through:

 

1. creative task performance.

 

1. routine task performance.

 

1. interpersonal task performance.

 

1. intrapersonal task performance.

 

1. adaptive task performance.

 

 

70. Natalie, Charlet, and Rose are three dental hygienists who work for Dr. Doris at Healthy White. All three hygienists perform almost the same tasks every day. On an average, they see 12 people every day for regular teeth cleaning which involves cleaning, flossing, rinsing, and a normal checkup. Dr. Doris, on the other hand, has quite an unpredictable job. She has to respond to all types of teeth-related emergencies including surgeries. All three hygienists always try to help each other out, have a very good attitude toward each other, and keep each other informed about matters that are relevant to them and to Dr. Doris. Natalie specifically takes on the role of attending all community-related voluntary meetings and functions where Healthy White may have a stake or is asked to be present. She makes sure that she is up to date with all dental regulations and business-related news that may have an impact on Healthy White. Rose and Charlet, on the other hand, can be described as the unofficial publicists of Healthy White. They always represent the clinic in a very positive way away from work. Dr. Doris couldn’t be happier to have such wonderful people working with her.

 

The three hygienists interact with one another in a manner that reflects high levels of _____.

 

1. boosterism

 

1. interpersonal citizenship behavior

 

1. routine task performance

 

1. adaptive task performance

 

1. centralized behavior