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Essay Questions
Be sure to use examples in your answers
1. Outline the major uses of the daguerreotype and the pictorial subjects favored by
daguerreotypists from 1840-1854.
2. Outline the major uses of photography on paper, such as the calotype, and the pictorial
subjects favored by users of paper-based photography from 1840-1854.
3. Briefly outline which social conditions in the mid-nineteenth century contributed to the growth
of photographic practice.
Short Answer Questions
Be sure to use examples in your answers
1. Briefly discuss why photographs and camera equipment were displayed at the Crystal Palace
Exhibition in 1851.
2. Chacterize E. Thiésson’s approach to ethnographic photography.
3. Discuss the individual style or subject matter of two photographers hired by the Historic
Monuments Commission.
True/False Questions
1. The poet Edgar Allen Poe thought that photography would harm people’s appreciation of
literature.
2. In his book, The Pencil of Nature, William Henry Fox Talbot demonstrated the ability of
photography to keep records of collections.
3. No photographs were shown at Gustave Le Gray’s new gallery because it was rumored Queen
Victoria was going to attend the opening.
4. Charles Nègre made many images of street people, such as chimney sweeps.
5. David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson preferred the daguerreotype because it allowed
them to make detailed photographs of their subjects.
Multiple-choice Questions
1. Which photographer challenged photography’s truthfulness?
A. Hippolyte Bayard
B. Michel Foucault
C. Gustave Le Gray
D. Thomas Easterly
2. Which of the following photographers opened a commercial establishment?
A. William Henry Fox Talbot
B. Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
C. Anna Atkins
D. George Shadbolt
3. Hugh Welch Diamond was an active amateur photographer who also did what?
A. studied fern specimens
B. made photographs of an eclipse of the sun
C. used photographs of mental patients as part of their therapy
D. created physical stereotypes of people in Mozambique
4. Early photography of war and conflict was hampered by which of the following?
A. the inability of photography to capture rapid action
B. the inability of photography to capture reflections on water
C. the inability of photography to be produced outside of cities
D. none of the above
5. Noël Marie Paymanl Lerebours is best known as?
A. the person who traveled with William Henry Fox Talbot
B. the publisher of Excursions Daguerriennes
C. the author of the Forest of Fontainbleau
D. an early Russian daguerreotypist
6. When the Historic Monuments Commission decided to employ photography as part of its
preservation efforts which kind did it choose?
A. daguerreotype
B. paper photography, such as the calotype
C. daguerreotype and calotype
D. none of the above
7. Which of the following photographers put forward the idea that a great amount of
photographic detail was not artful?
A. Gustave Le Gray
B. Henri Le Secq
C. Robert Cornelius
D. Jean-François-Antoine Claudet
8. Which of the following photographers experimented with stereography?
A. Aleksei Grekov
B. Gustave Oehme
C. James Presley Ball
D. Jean-François-Antoine Claudet
9. The firm of Southworth and Hawes was best known for which type of photography?
A. large calotypes of rural areas around Boston
B. large daguerreotypes of political and cultural celebrities
C. large daguerreotypes of moon pictures by John Adams Whipple
D. illustrations of poems written by Edgar Allen Poe
10. In the mid-nineteenth century, which author took up the subject of photography and the
photographer?
A. Gustave Le Gray
B. Carl Durheim
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Albert Sands Southworth
Chapter Two: The Second Invention of Photography (1839-1954)
Short Answer Questions
1. Briefly discuss why photographs and camera equipment were displayed at the Crystal Palace
Exhibition in 1851. (page 29)
2. Chacterize E. Thiésson’s approach to ethnographic photography. (page 37)
3. Discuss the individual style or subject matter of two photographers hired by the Historic
Monuments Commission. (pages 52-58)
True/False Questions
1. False. Edgar Allen Poe did not see photography as a threat. (page 28)
2. True. (pages 30-31)
3. False. Gustave Le Gray did not have a gallery. (pages 55-56)
4. True. (page 55)
5. False. David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson used calotypes. (page 69)
Multiple-choice Questions
1. A. (page 31)
2. A. (page 31)
3. C. (page 35)
4. A. (page 43)
5. B. (page 47)
6. B. (pages 52-53)
7. A. (page 55)
8. D. (page 60)
9. B. (page 66)
10. C. (page 72)
