Test Bank for Physics Cutnell 9th Edition- Jahnson

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Chapter: Chapter 1

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

 

 

1. Which one of the following is an SI base unit?
2. A) gram
3. B) slug
4. C) newton
5. D) centimeter
6. E) kilogram

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

2. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard meter is defined in terms of
3. A) the distance from the earth’s equator to the north pole.
4. B) the wavelength of light emitted from a krypton atom.
5. C) the wavelength of light emitted from a sodium atom.
6. D) a platinum-iridium bar kept in France.
7. E) the speed of light.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

3. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard unit of mass is defined in terms of
4. A) a specified volume of water at 4 °C.
5. B) a standard platinum-iridium cylinder.
6. C) a specified number of cesium atoms.
7. D) a standard platinum bar.
8. E) the speed of light.

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

4. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard unit of time is defined in terms of
5. A) the electromagnetic waves emitted by cesium atoms.
6. B) the motion of the moon around the earth.
7. C) the motion of a precision pendulum.
8. D) the average solar day.
9. E) the speed of light.

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

5. The mass of a raindrop is 4 milligrams. Which one of the following statements indicates the correct mass of the raindrop in grams?
6. A) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10⁶
7. B) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10^–3
8. C) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10^–1
9. D) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10³
10. E) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10^–6

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

6. Which one of the following is the longest length?
7. A) 10⁰ meters
8. B) 10² centimeters
9. C) 10⁴ millimeters
10. D) 10⁵ micrometers
11. E) 10⁷ nanometers

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

7. In a diving competition, a woman dives from a platform that is ten meters above the surface of the water. What is the height, expressed in feet, of the platform?
8. A) 13 feet
9. B) 18 feet
10. C) 24 feet
11. D) 33 feet
12. E) 47 feet

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

8. A candy shop sells a pound of chocolate for $ 10.85. What is the price of 1.50 kg of chocolate at the shop?
9. A) $ 8.17
10. B) $ 13.49
11. C) $ 17.98
12. D) $ 29.73
13. E) $ 35.81

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

9. Complete the following statement: The ratio is equal to
10. A) 10².
11. B) 10³.
12. C) 10⁶.
13. D) 10^–3.
14. E) 10^–6.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

10. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 8.0 m²?
11. A) 0 × 10^–4 cm²
12. B) 0 × 10² cm²
13. C) 0 × 10^–2 cm²
14. D) 0 × 10⁴ cm²
15. E) 0 × 10³ cm²

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

11. Which one of the following pairs of units may not be added together, even after the appropriate unit conversions have been made?
12. A) grams and milligrams
13. B) kilometers and kilograms
14. C) miles and kilometers
15. D) slugs and kilograms
16. E) centimeters and yards

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

12. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 44.5 mm?
13. A) 45 × 10¹ m
14. B) 45 × 10^–2 m
15. C) 5 × 10^–1 m
16. D) 5 × 10^–2 m
17. E) 45 × 10⁰ m

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

13. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 152 m?
14. A) 52 × 10¹ m
15. B) 52 × 10² m
16. C) 52 × 10^–1 m
17. D) 52 × 10^–2 m
18. E) 52 × 10⁰ m

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

14. In the sport of horseshoe pitching, two stakes are 40.0 feet apart. What is the distance in meters between the two stakes?
15. A) 4 m
16. B) 80 m
17. C) 3 m
18. D) 2 m
19. E) 7 m

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

15. The Boston Marathon is the oldest annual foot race, in which those that finish complete a distance of 26 miles, 385 yards. Express this distance in kilometers.
16. A) 295 km
17. B) 398 km
18. C) 186 km
19. D) 453 km
20. E) 496 km

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

16. The surface of a lake has an area of 15.5 km². What is the area of the lake in m²?
17. A) 55 × 10⁴ m²
18. B) 55 × 10⁵ m²
19. C) 55 × 10⁶ m²
20. D) 55 × 10⁷ m²
21. E) 55 × 10⁸ m²

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

17. The mathematical relationship between three physical quantities is given by . If the dimension of b is;  and the dimension of c is [L].  Which one of the following choices is the dimension of a?
18. A) [L]
19. B)
20. C)
21. D) [T]
22. E)

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

18. The distance d that a certain particle moves may be calculated from the expression d = at + bt² where a and b are constants; and t is the elapsed time. What must the dimensions of the quantities a and b be, respectively?
19. A)
20. B) [L], [L]²
21. C)
22. D)
23. E)

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

19. Using the dimensions given for the variables in the table, determine which one of the following expressions is correct.

 

variable	dimension
f
l	[L]
g

 

1. A)
2. B) f = 2pgl
3. C)
4. D)
5. E)

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

20. A certain physical quantity, R, is calculated using the formula: R = 4a²(b – c) where a, b, and c are distances.  What is the SI unit for R?
21. A) cm
22. B) cm²
23. C) m
24. D) m²
25. E) m³

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

 

 

 

 

21. Which one of the following expressions may be used to correctly find the angle q in the drawing?
22. A)
23. B)
24. C)
25. D)
26. E)

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

22. The length of each side of a square is 4.0 m. What is the length of the diagonal of the square (shown as a dashed line in the figure)?
23. A) 8 m
24. B) 0 m
25. C) 7 m
26. D) 8 m
27. E) 16 m

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

23. Three sticks are arranged to form a right triangle. If the lengths of the three sticks are 0.47 m, 0.62 m and 0.78 m, what are the three angles of the triangle?
24. A) 90°, 45°, and 45°
25. B) 90°, 62°, and 28°
26. C) 90°, 59°, and 31°
27. D) 90°, 48°, and 42°
28. E) 90°, 53°, and 37°

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

24. A 3.0-m ladder leans against a wall and makes an angle with the wall of 28° as shown in the drawing. What is the height h above the ground where the ladder makes contact with the wall?
25. A) 6 m
26. B) 3 m
27. C) 1 m
28. D) 9 m
29. E) 6 m

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

25. A pole is held vertically by attaching wires at a height of 13.4 m above the ground. The other end of each wire is anchored in the ground at a distance of 9.54 m from the base of the pole.  The pole makes a right angle with the ground.  What is the length of each wire?
26. A) 1 m
27. B) 7 m
28. C) 5 m
29. D) 4 m
30. E) 8 m

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

26. A certain mountain road is inclined 3.1° with respect to the horizon. What is the change in altitude of the car as a result of its traveling 2.90 km along the road?
27. A) 157 m
28. B) 181 m
29. C) 116 m
30. D) 203 m
31. E) 289 m

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

27. A surveyor wants to find the distance across a river. A stake is placed on each bank of the river as shown in the figure.  She measures a distance of 30.0 m from one stake to another on the same side of the river, thus finding the third vertex on a right triangle.  She then measures the angle q and finds it equal to 75.9°.  What is the distance across the river?
28. A) 2 m
29. B) 3 m
30. C) 119 m
31. D) 268 m
32. E) 0 m

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-4

 

 

 

 

28. Which one of the following choices is a vector quantity?
29. A) mass
30. B) temperature
31. C) time
32. D) displacement
33. E) volume

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

29. Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantity?
30. A) the age of the earth
31. B) the mass of a freight train
32. C) the earth’s pull on your body
33. D) the temperature of an iced coffee
34. E) the number of people attending a soccer game

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

30. Which one of the following statements is true concerning scalar quantities?
31. A) Scalar quantities must be represented by base units.
32. B) Scalar quantities have both magnitude and direction.
33. C) Scalar quantities can be added to vector quantities using rules of trigonometry.
34. D) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of trigonometry.
35. E) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of ordinary addition.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

31. Two vectors and  are added together to form a vector .  The relationship between the magnitudes of the vectors is given by A + B = C.  Which one of the following statements concerning these vectors is true?
32. A) and  must be displacements.
33. B) and  must have equal lengths.
34. C) and  must point in opposite directions.
35. D) and  must point in the same direction.
36. E) and  must be at right angles to each other.

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

32. Two vectors and  are added together to form a vector .  The relationship between the magnitudes of the vectors is given by: A² + B² = C².  Which statement concerning these vectors is true?
33. A) and  must be at right angles to each other.
34. B) and  could have any orientation relative to each other.
35. C) and  must have equal lengths.
36. D) and  must be parallel.
37. E) and  could be antiparallel.

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

33. Three vectors , , and add together to yield zero:  +  +  = 0.  The vectors  and  point in opposite directions and their magnitudes are related by the expression: A = 2C.  Which one of the following conclusions is correct?
34. A) and  have equal magnitudes and point in opposite directions.
35. B) and  have equal magnitudes and point in the same direction.
36. C) and  have equal magnitudes and point in opposite directions.
37. D) and  point in the same direction, but  has twice the magnitude of .
38. E) and  point in the same direction, but  has twice the magnitude of .

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

34. What is the angle between the vectors and – when they are drawn from a common origin?
35. A) 0°
36. B) 90°
37. C) 180°
38. D) 270°
39. E) 360°

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

35. What is the minimum number of vectors with unequal magnitudes whose vector sum can be zero?
36. A) two
37. B) three
38. C) four
39. D) five
40. E) six

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

36. What is the minimum number of vectors with equal magnitudes whose vector sum can be zero?
37. A) two
38. B) three
39. C) four
40. D) five
41. E) six

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

37. A physics student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 8.0 km and 6.0 km. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the magnitude of the resultant displacement?
38. A) It must be 10.0 km.
39. B) It must be 14.0 km.
40. C) It could be equal to zero kilometers, depending on how the vectors are oriented.
41. D) No conclusion can be reached without knowing the directions of the vectors.
42. E) It could have any value between 2.0 km and 14.0 km depending on how the vectors are oriented.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

38. A student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 6.0 m and 8.0 m, respectively.

Which one of the following could not be a possible choice for the resultant?

2. A) 2.3 m
3. B) 6.6 m
4. C) 10.0 m
5. D) 12.8 m
6. E) 14.8 m

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

39. Two displacement vectors of magnitudes 21 cm and 79 cm are added. Which one of the following is the only possible choice for the magnitude of the resultant?
40. A) 0 cm
41. B) 28 cm
42. C) 37 cm
43. D) 82 cm
44. E) 114 cm

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

40. Which expression is false concerning the vectors shown in the sketch?
41. A) =  +
42. B) +  = –
43. C) +  +  = 0
44. D) C < A + B
45. E) A ² + B ² = C ²

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

41. City A lies 30 km directly south of city B. A bus, beginning at city A travels 50 km at 37° north of east to reach city C.  How far and in what direction must the bus go from city C to reach city B?
42. A) 20 km, west
43. B) 40 km, west
44. C) 80 km, west
45. D) 40 km, east
46. E) 80 km, east

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

42. Town A lies 20 km north of town B. Town C lies 13 km west of town A.  A small plane flies directly from town B to town C.  What is the displacement of the plane?
43. A) 33 km, 33° north of west
44. B) 19 km, 33° north of west
45. C) 24 km, 57° north of west
46. D) 31 km, 57° north of west
47. E) 6 km, 40° north of west

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

43. A runaway dog walks 0.64 km due north. He then runs due west to a hot dog stand.  If the magnitude of the dog’s total displacement vector is 0.91 km, what is the magnitude of the dog’s displacement vector in the due west direction?
44. A) 27 km
45. B) 33 km
46. C) 41 km
47. D) 52 km
48. E) 65 km

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

44. An escaped convict runs 1.70 km due east of the prison. He then runs due north to a friend’s house.  If the magnitude of the convict’s total displacement vector is 2.50 km, what is the direction of his total displacement vector with respect to due east?
45. A) 43° south of east
46. B) 47° north of east
47. C) 56° north of east
48. D) 34° south of east
49. E) 34° north of east

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

45. Four members of the Main Street Bicycle Club meet at a certain intersection on Main Street. The members then start from the same location, but travel in different directions.  A short time later, displacement vectors for the four members are:

= 2.0 km, east;    = 5.2 km, north;    = 4.9 km, west;    = 3.0 km, south

What is the resultant displacement  of the members of the bicycle club:

=  +  +  + ?

1. A) 8 km, south
2. B) 4 km, 45° south of east
3. C) 6 km, 37° north of west
4. D) 0 km, east
5. E) 0 km, south

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

46. A force, , of magnitude 2.0 N and directed due east is exerted on an object. A second force exerted on the object is = 2.0 N, due north.  What is the magnitude and direction of a third force, , which must be exerted on the object so that the resultant force is zero?
47. A) 4 N, 45° north of east
48. B) 4 N, 45° south of west
49. C) 8 N, 45° north of east
50. D) 8 N, 45° south of west
51. E) 0 N, 45° east of north

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

47. A sailboat leaves a harbor and sails 1.8 km in the direction 65° south of east, where the captain stops for lunch. A short time later, the boat sails 1.1 km in the direction 15° north of east.  What is the magnitude of the resultant displacement from the harbor?
48. A) 3 km
49. B) 5 km
50. C) 9 km
51. D) 2 km
52. E) 59 km

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

48. Three vectors , , and have the following x and y components:

A_x = 1 m, A_y = 0 m, B_x = 1 m, B_y = 1 m, C_x = 0 m, C_y = –1 m

According to the graph, how are, , and  combined to result in the vector ?

1. A) =  –  –
2. B) =  –  +
3. C) =  +  –
4. D) =  +  +
5. E) = – +  +

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-5 and 1-6

 

 

 

 

49. A displacement vector has a magnitude of 810 m and points at an angle of 18° above the positive x axis. What are the x and y scalar components of this vector?

x scalar component     y scalar component

1. A) 770 m                          250 m
2. B) 560 m                          585 m
3. C) 585 m                          560 m
4. D) 250 m                          750 m
5. E) 713 m                          385 m

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

50. Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false?
51. A) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself.
52. B) It is possible to use vector components that are not perpendicular.
53. C) A scalar component may be either positive or negative.
54. D) A vector that is zero may have components other than zero.
55. E) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction.

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

51. A displacement vector is 23 km in length and directed 65° south of east. What are the components of this vector?

Eastward Component     Southward Component

9. A) 21 km                          7 km
10. B) 23 km                           23 km
11. C) 23 km                             0 km
12. D) 7 km                          21 km
13. E)   0 km                           23 km

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

52. The x and y components of a displacement vector are –3.00 m and +4.00 m, respectively. What angle does this vector make with the positive x axis?
53. A) 233°
54. B) 127°
55. C) –53.0°
56. D) 0°
57. E) 0°

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

53. A race car will make one lap around a circular track of radius R. When the car has traveled halfway around the track, what is the magnitude of the car’s displacement from the starting point?
54. A) 2R
55. B) R
56. C) pR
57. D) 2pR
58. E) zero meters

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

54. A bug crawls 2.25 m along the base of a wall. Upon reaching a corner, the bug’s direction of travel changes from south to west.  The bug then crawls 3.15 m before stopping. What is the magnitude of the bug’s displacement?
55. A) 5.40 m
56. B) 72 m
57. C) 87 m
58. D) 11 m
59. E) 3.29 m

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

55. During the execution of a play, a football player carries the ball for a distance of 33 m in the direction 58° north of east. To determine the number of meters gained on the play, find the northward component of the ball’s displacement.
56. A) 0 m
57. B) 16 m
58. C) 24 m
59. D) 28 m
60. E) 32 m

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

56. A bird flies 25.0 m in the direction 55° east of south to its nest on a cliff. The bird then flies 75.0 m in the direction 55° west of north to the top of a tree.  What are the northward and westward components of the resultant displacement of the bird from its nest?

northward     westward

1. A) 29 m      41 m
2. B) 41 m     29 m
3. C) 35 m     35 m
4. D) 81 m     57 m
5. E) 57 m     81 m

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-7

 

 

 

 

57. Use the component method of vector addition to find the resultant of the following three vectors:

= 56 km, east

= 11 km, 22° south of east

= 88 km, 44° west of south

1. A) 81 km, 14° west of south
2. B) 97 km, 62° south of east
3. C) 52 km, 66° south of east
4. D) 68 km, 86° south of east
5. E) 66 km, 7.1° west of south

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-8

 

 

 

 

58. Use the component method of vector addition to find the components of the resultant of the four displacements shown in the figure. The magnitudes of the displacements are: A = 2.25 cm, B = 6.35 cm, C = 5.47 cm, and D = 4.19 cm.

 

x component   y component

2. A) 19 cm     –6.92 cm
3. B) 71 cm     –1.09 cm
4. C) 45 cm     –2.82 cm
5. D) 09 cm     –3.71 cm
6. E) 93 cm     –2.19 cm

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 1-8

 

 

 

 

59. A vector has a magnitude of 40.0 units and points 35.0° above the positive x axis.  A second vector  has a magnitude of 65.0 units and points in the negative x direction.  Use the component method of vector addition to find the magnitude and direction, relative to the positive x axis, of the resultant  =  + .
60. A) 3 units, 141.8° relative to the +x axis
61. B) 3 units, 52.1° relative to the +x axis
62. C) 6 units, 125.4° relative to the +x axis
63. D) 6 units, 54.6° relative to the +x axis
64. E) 2 units, 136.0° relative to the +x axis

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 1-8

 

 

 

 

60. Two vectors and , are added together to form the vector  =  + .  The relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given by:  C_x = A cos 30° + B and C_y = –A sin 30°.  Which statement best describes the orientation of these vectors?
61. A) points in the negative x direction while  points in the positive y
62. B) points in the negative y direction while  points in the positive x
63. C) points 30° below the positive x axis while  points in the positive x
64. D) points 30° above the positive x axis while  points in the positive x
65. E) points 30° above the negative x axis while  points in the positive x

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 1-8

 

 

 

 

61. Which one of the following answers would give the correct number of significant figures when the following masses are added together: 3.6 kg, 113 kg, and 4.19 kg?
62. A) 121 kg
63. B) 8 kg
64. C) 79 kg
65. D) 20 × 10² kg
66. E) 8 × 10³ kg

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

62. A physics text has 544 sheets (1088 pages) and is 34.3 millimeters thick between the inside front cover and the inside back cover. What is the thickness of a single sheet?
63. A) 36 × 10^–4 m
64. B) 16 × 10^–2 m
65. C) 28 × 10^–3 m
66. D) 24 × 10^–6 m
67. E) 30 × 10^–5 m

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

63. Justine and her friends exit the physics classroom and walk 0.70 km to their math class. While walking, Justine’s average step length is 58 cm.  Approximately, how many steps does she take in walking between these two classes?
64. A) 310
65. B) 720
66. C) 1200
67. D) 3100
68. E) 7200

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 1-1

 

Two vectors,  and , are added together to form the vector  =  + .

The relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given by:

C_x  = 0

C_y  = A sin 60° + B sin 30°

A_x and A_y point in the positive x and y directions, respectively.

 

 

 

 

64. Which one of the following statements best describes the orientation of vectors and ?
65. A) and  point in opposite directions.
66. B) points 60° above the positive x axis while  points 30° above the negative x
67. C) points 60° above the negative x axis while  points 30° above the positive x
68. D) points 60° below the positive x axis while  points 30° above the positive y
69. E) points 60° below the positive x axis while  points 30° below the positive y

 

Ans:  B

Refer To:  Ref 1-1

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

65. How does the magnitude of compare with that of ?
66. A) A = B
67. B) A = 1.7B
68. C) A = 0.4B
69. D) A = 0.5B
70. E) A = 0.7B

 

Ans:  B

Refer To:  Ref 1-1

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 1-2

 

The table gives the x and y components of two vectors  and :

 

Vector	x component	y component
	+15 units	+10 units
	+15 units	–10 units

 

 

 

 

 

66. Which one of the following statements concerning these vectors is true?
67. A) The vector –  has no x
68. B) The two vectors have different magnitudes.
69. C) makes a 56° angle with the positive x
70. D) makes a 34° angle with the positive y
71. E) The vector +  makes a 34° angle with the positive x

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 1-2

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

67. Determine the magnitude of the vector sum, + .
68. A) 5 units
69. B) 15 units
70. C) 20 units
71. D) 30 units
72. E) 50 units

 

Ans:  D

Refer To:  Ref 1-2

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

68. Determine the magnitude of the vector difference, – .
69. A) 5 units
70. B) 15 units
71. C) 20 units
72. D) 30 units
73. E) 50 units

 

Ans:  C

Refer To:  Ref 1-2

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 1-3

 

A boat radioed a distress call to a Coast Guard station.  At the time of the call, a vector A from the station to the boat had a magnitude of 45.0 km and was directed 15.0° east of north.  A vector from the station to the point where the boat was later found is  = 30.0 km, 15.0° north of east.

 

 

 

 

69. What are the components of the vector from the point where the distress call was made to the point where the boat was found? In other words, what are the components of vector  =  – ?

x component     y component

35. A) 7 km, west 17.4 km, north
36. B) 6 km, east 51.2 km, south
37. C) 3 km, west 51.2 km, south
38. D) 6 km, east 35.7 km, north
39. E) 3 km, east 35.7 km, south

 

Ans:  E

Refer To:  Ref 1-3

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

 

70. How far did the boat travel from the point where the distress call was made to the point where the boat was found?

In other words, what is the magnitude of vector ?

65. A) 3 km
66. B) 7 km
67. C) 5 km
68. D) 0 km
69. E) 5 km

 

Ans:  B

Refer To:  Ref 1-3

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Additional Problems

 

 

 

Import Settings:

Base Settings: Brownstone Default

Information Field: Difficulty

Information Field: SectionDef

Highest Answer Letter: E

Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter: Chapter 5

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

 

 

1. A ball moves with a constant speed of 4 m/s around a circle of radius 0.25 m. What is the period of the motion? [Hint: For this calculation, you need to know the circumference of the circle.]
2. A) 1 s
3. B) 4 s
4. C) 7 s
5. D) 1 s
6. E) 2 s

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

2. The second hand on a watch has a length of 4.50 mm and makes one revolution in 60.00 s. What is the speed of the end of the second hand as it moves in uniform circular motion?
3. A) 42 × 10^–4 m/s
4. B) 67 × 10^–3 m/s
5. C) 34 × 10^–3 m/s
6. D) 71 × 10^–4 m/s
7. E) 36 × 10^–5 m/s

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

3. Approximately one billion years ago, the Moon orbited the Earth much closer than it does today. The radius of the orbit was only 24 400 km.   The orbital period was only 23 400 s.  Today, the average radius is 385 000 km; and the present period is 2.36 × 10⁶ s.  Assuming that the orbit of the Moon is circular, calculate the ratio of the speed of the Moon in its ancient orbit to the speed that it has today.
4. A) 8
5. B) 8
6. C) 2
7. D) 15
8. E) 39

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

4. A solar-powered car is traveling at constant speed around a circular track. What happens to the centripetal acceleration of the car if the speed is doubled?
5. A) The centripetal acceleration remains the same.
6. B) The centripetal acceleration increases by a factor of 2.
7. C) The centripetal acceleration increases by a factor of 4.
8. D) The centripetal acceleration is decreased by a factor of one-half.
9. E) The centripetal acceleration is decreased by a factor of one-fourth.

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

5. A ball is whirled on the end of a string in a horizontal circle of radius R at constant speed v. Complete the following statement: The centripetal acceleration of the ball can be increased by a factor of 4 by
6. A) keeping the speed fixed and increasing the radius by a factor of 4.
7. B) keeping the radius fixed and increasing the speed by a factor of 4.
8. C) keeping the radius fixed and increasing the period by a factor of 4.
9. D) keeping the radius fixed and decreasing the period by a factor of 4.
10. E) keeping the speed fixed and decreasing the radius by a factor of 4.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

6. A rock is whirled on the end of a string in a horizontal circle of radius R with a constant period T. If the radius of the circle is reduced to R/3, while the period remains T, what happens to the centripetal acceleration of the rock?
7. A) The centripetal acceleration remains the same.
8. B) The centripetal acceleration increases by a factor of 3.
9. C) The centripetal acceleration increases by a factor of 9.
10. D) The centripetal acceleration decreases by a factor of 3.
11. E) The centripetal acceleration decreases by a factor of 9.

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

7. A car traveling at 20 m/s follows a curve in the road so that its centripetal acceleration is 5 m/s². What is the radius of the curve?
8. A) 4 m
9. B) 8 m
10. C) 80 m
11. D) 160 m
12. E) 640 m

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

8. A satellite is placed in a circular orbit to observe the surface of Mars from an altitude of 144 km. The equatorial radius of Mars is 3397 km.  If the speed of the satellite is 3480 m/s, what is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the satellite?
9. A) 17 m/s²
10. B) 60 m/s²
11. C) 99 m/s²
12. D) 42 m/s²
13. E) 05 m/s²

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-1

 

One of the world’s largest Ferris wheels, the Cosmo Clock 21 with a radius of 50.0 m is located in Yokohama City, Japan.

Each of the sixty gondolas on the wheel takes 1.00 minute to complete one revolution when it is running at full speed.

Note: Ignore gravitational effects.

 

 

 

 

9. What is the uniform speed of a gondola when the Ferris wheel is running at full speed?
10. A) 314 m/s
11. B) 67 m/s
12. C) 5 m/s
13. D) 6 m/s
14. E) 24 m/s

 

Ans:  E

Refer To:  Ref 5-1

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

10. What is the centripetal acceleration of the gondola when the Ferris wheel is running at full speed?
11. A) 548 m/s²
12. B) 91 m/s²
13. C) 21 m/s²
14. D) 732 m/s²
15. E) 28 m/s²

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-1

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-1 and 5-2

 

 

 

 

11. A boy is whirling a stone around his head by means of a string. The string makes one complete revolution every second; and the magnitude of the tension in the string is F.  The boy then speeds up the stone, keeping the radius of the circle unchanged, so that the string makes two complete revolutions every second.  What happens to the tension in the sting?
12. A) The magnitude of the tension is unchanged.
13. B) The magnitude of the tension reduces to half of its original value, F/2.
14. C) The magnitude of the tension increases to twice its original value, 2F.
15. D) The magnitude of the tension increases to four times its original value, 4F.
16. E) The magnitude of the tension reduces to one-fourth of its original value, F/4.

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-3

 

 

 

 

12. A 0.25-kg ball attached to a string is rotating in a horizontal circle of radius 0.5 m. If the ball revolves twice every second, what is the tension in the string?
13. A) 2 N
14. B) 5 N
15. C) 7 N
16. D) 10 N
17. E) 20 N

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-3

 

 

 

 

13. A certain string just breaks when it is under 25 N of tension. A boy uses this string to whirl a 0.75-kg stone in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 m.  The boy continuously increases the speed of the stone.  At approximately what speed will the string break?
14. A) 4 m/s
15. B) 2 m/s
16. C) 12 m/s
17. D) 15 m/s
18. E) 18 m/s

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-3

 

 

 

 

14. Holly puts a box into the trunk of her car. Later, she drives around an unbanked curve that has a radius of 48 m.  The speed of the car on the curve is 16 m/s, but the box remains stationary relative to the floor of the trunk.  Determine the minimum coefficient of static friction for the box on the floor of the trunk.
15. A) 42
16. B) 54
17. C) 17
18. D) 33
19. E) This cannot be determined without knowing the mass of the box.

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-3

 

 

 

 

15. In an amusement park ride, a child stands against the wall of a cylindrical room that is then made to rotate. The floor drops downward and the child remains pinned against the wall.  If the radius of the room is 2.15 m and the relevant coefficient of friction between the child and the wall is 0.600, with what minimum speed is the child moving if he is to remain pinned against the wall?
16. A) 26 m/s
17. B) 93 m/s
18. C) 1 m/s
19. D) 93 m/s
20. E) 80 m/s

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-3

 

 

 

 

16. Which force is responsible for holding a car in a frictionless banked curve?
17. A) the reaction force to the car’s weight
18. B) the vertical component of the car’s weight
19. C) the vertical component of the normal force
20. D) the horizontal component of the car’s weight
21. E) the horizontal component of the normal force

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

17. Which force is responsible for holding a car in an unbanked curve?
18. A) the car’s weight
19. B) the force of friction
20. C) the reaction force to the car’s weight
21. D) the vertical component of the normal force
22. E) the horizontal component of the normal force

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

18. Complete the following statement: The maximum speed at which a car can safely negotiate an unbanked curve depends on all of the following factors except
19. A) the diameter of the curve.
20. B) the acceleration due to gravity.
21. C) the coefficient of static friction between the road and the tires.
22. D) the coefficient of kinetic friction between the road and the tires.
23. E) the ratio of the static frictional force between the road and the tires and the normal force exerted on the car.

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

19. Complete the following statement: The maximum speed at which a car can safely negotiate a frictionless banked curve depends on all of the following except
20. A) the mass of the car.
21. B) the angle of banking.
22. C) the diameter of the curve.
23. D) the radius of the curve.
24. E) the acceleration due to gravity.

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

20. Determine the minimum angle at which a roadbed should be banked so that a car traveling at 20.0 m/s can safely negotiate

the curve if the radius of the curve is 2.00 × 10² m.

1. A) 200°
2. B) 581°
3. C) 5°
4. D) 6°
5. E) 2°

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

21. A car enters a horizontal, curved roadbed of radius 50 m. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the roadbed is 0.20.  What is the maximum speed with which the car can safely negotiate the unbanked curve?
22. A) 5 m/s
23. B) 10 m/s
24. C) 20 m/s
25. D) 40 m/s
26. E) 100 m/s

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

22. An indoor track is to be designed such that each end is a banked semi-circle with a radius of 24 m. What should the banking angle be for a person running at speed v = 6.0 m/s?
23. A) 7°
24. B) 11°
25. C) 14°
26. D) 22°
27. E) 45°

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-2

 

A 1800-kg Jeep travels along a straight 500-m portion of highway (from A to B) at a constant speed of 10 m/s.  At B, the Jeep encounters an unbanked curve of radius 50 m.  The Jeep follows the road from B to C traveling at a constant speed of 10 m/s while the direction of the Jeep changes from east to south.

 

 

 

 

23. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the Jeep as it travels from A to B?
24. A) 2 m/s²
25. B) 5 m/s²
26. C) 10 m/s²
27. D) 20 m/s²
28. E) zero m/s²

 

Ans:  E

Refer To:  Ref 5-2

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

24. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the Jeep as it travels from B to C?
25. A) 2 m/s²
26. B) 5 m/s²
27. C) 10 m/s²
28. D) 20 m/s²
29. E) zero m/s²

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-2

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

25. What is the magnitude of the frictional force between the tires and the road as the Jeep negotiates the curve from B to C?
26. A) 9600 N
27. B) 7200 N
28. C) 3600 N
29. D) 1800 N
30. E) 1000 N

 

Ans:  C

Refer To:  Ref 5-2

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-4

 

 

 

 

26. The Earth exerts the necessary centripetal force on an orbiting satellite to keep it moving in a circle at constant speed. Which one of the following statements best explains why the speed of the satellite does not change although there is a net force exerted on it?
27. A) The satellite is in equilibrium.
28. B) The acceleration of the satellite is zero m/s².
29. C) The centripetal force has magnitude mv²/r.
30. D) The centripetal force is canceled by the reaction force.
31. E) The centripetal force is always perpendicular to the velocity.

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

27. Callisto and Io are two of Jupiter’s satellites. The distance from Callisto to the center of Jupiter is approximately 4.5 times farther than the distance from Io to the center of Jupiter.  How does Callisto’s orbital period, T_C, compare to that of Io, T_I?
28. A) T_C = 4.5 T_I
29. B) T_C = 21 T_I
30. C) T_C = 9.5 T_I
31. D) T_C = 0.2 T_I
32. E) T_C = 2.7 T_I

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

28. Consider a hypothetical planet in our solar system whose average distance from the Sun is about four times that of Earth. Determine the orbital period for this hypothetical planet.
29. A) 25 year
30. B) 5 years
31. C) 4 years
32. D) 8 years
33. E) 16 years

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

29. Consider a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth. If it were at an altitude equal to twice the radius of the Earth, 2R_E, how would its speed v relate to the Earth’s radius R_E, and the magnitude g of the acceleration due to gravity on the Earth’s surface?
30. A)
31. B) v² = 2gR_E
32. C)
33. D)
34. E)

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

30. A satellite is placed in equatorial orbit above Mars, which has a radius of 3397 km and a mass M_M = 6.40 × 10²³ kg. The mission of the satellite is to observe the Martian climate from an altitude of 488 km.  What is the orbital period of the satellite?
31. A) 18 × 10² s
32. B) 62 × 10³ s
33. C) 36 × 10³ s
34. D) 08 × 10⁵ s
35. E) 27 × 10¹² s

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

31. A satellite in orbit around the earth has a period of one hour. An identical satellite is placed in an orbit having a radius that is nine times larger than that of the first satellite.  What is the period of the second satellite?
32. A) 04 h
33. B) 3 h
34. C) 4 h
35. D) 9 h
36. E) 27 h

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

32. The radius of Saturn’s orbit around the Sun is about 10 times that of Earth. Complete the following statement: The period of Saturn is about
33. A) 10 years.
34. B) 30 years.
35. C) 40 years.
36. D) 90 years.
37. E) 160 years.

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

33. An artificial satellite in a circular orbit around the Sun has a period of 8 years. Determine the ratio of the satellite’s orbital radius to that of the earth’s orbital radius. Assume that the earth’s orbit around the Sun is circular.
34. A) 1
35. B) 2
36. C) 4
37. D) 8
38. E) 23

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

34. The mass and radius of the moon are 7.4 × 10²² kg and 1.7 × 10⁶ m, respectively. What is the weight of a 1.0-kg object on the surface of the moon?
35. A) 0 N
36. B) 7 N
37. C) 7 N
38. D) 8 N
39. E) 8 N

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

35. An object weighs 10 N on the earth’s surface. What is the weight of the object on a planet that has one tenth the earth’s mass and one half the earth’s radius?
36. A) 4 N
37. B) 2 N
38. C) 1 N
39. D) 10 N
40. E) 20 N

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-3

 

A 2400-kg satellite is in a circular orbit around a planet.  The satellite travels with a constant speed of 6670 m/s.

The radius of the circular orbit is 8.92 × 10⁶ m.

 

 

 

 

36. At the instant shown in the figure, which arrow indicates the direction of the net force on the satellite?
37. A) (a)
38. B) (b)
39. C) (c)
40. D) (d)
41. E) (e)

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-3

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

37. What is the acceleration of the satellite?
38. A) 5 m/s²
39. B) 21 m/s²
40. C) 8 m/s²
41. D) 0 m/s²
42. E) zero m/s²

 

Ans:  D

Refer To:  Ref 5-3

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

38. Determine the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by the planet.
39. A) 2 × 10⁴ N
40. B) 4 × 10⁴ N
41. C) 0 × 10^–3 N
42. D) 5 × 10^–4 N
43. E) This cannot be determined since the mass and radius of the planet are not specified.

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-3

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

39. What is the acceleration due to gravity at an altitude of 1.00 × 10⁶ m above the earth’s surface? Note: the radius of the earth is 6.38 × 10⁶ m.
40. A) 99 m/s²
41. B) 80 m/s²
42. C) 00 m/s²
43. D) 77 m/s²
44. E) 32 m/s²

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

40. The radius of the earth is 6.38 × 10⁶ m and its mass is 5.98 × 10²⁴ kg. What is the acceleration due to gravity at a height of 1.28 × 10⁷ m above the earth’s surface?
41. A) 08 m/s²
42. B) 15 m/s²
43. C) 80 m/s²
44. D) 659 m/s²
45. E) 114 m/s²

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

41. A spaceship is in orbit around the earth at an altitude of 12 000 miles. Which one of the following statements best explains why the astronauts experience “weightlessness?”
42. A) The centripetal force of the earth on the astronaut in orbit is zero newtons.
43. B) The pull of the earth on the spaceship is canceled by the pull of the other planets.
44. C) The spaceship is in free fall and its floor cannot press upwards on the astronauts.
45. D) The force of gravity decreases as the inverse square of the distance from the earth’s center.
46. E) The force of the earth on the spaceship and the force of the spaceship on the earth cancel because they are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

42. A space station is designed in the shape of a large, hollow donut that is uniformly rotating. The outer radius of the station is 350 m.  With what period must the station rotate so that a person sitting on the outer wall experiences “artificial gravity,” i.e. an acceleration of 9.8 m/s²?
43. A) 230 s
44. B) 170 s
45. C) 110 s
46. D) 76 s
47. E) 38 s

 

Ans:  E

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

43. The radius of the earth is 6400 km. An incoming meteorite approaches the earth along the trajectory shown.  The point C in the figure is 6400 km above the earth’s surface.  The point A is located at the earth’s center.  At point C, what acceleration would the meteorite experience due to the earth’s gravity?
44. A) 8 m/s² toward A
45. B) 5 m/s² toward A
46. C) 5 m/s² toward B
47. D) 0 m/s² toward B
48. E) 0 m/s² toward A

 

Ans:  B

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-5 and 5-6

 

 

 

 

44. A plane is traveling at 200 m/s following the arc of a vertical circle of radius R. At the top of its path, the passengers experience “weightlessness.”  To one significant figure, what is the value of R?
45. A) 200 m
46. B) 1000 m
47. C) 2000 m
48. D) 4000 m
49. E) 40 000 m

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

45. A 25-kg box is sliding down an ice-covered hill. When it reaches point A, the box is moving at 11 m/s.  Point A is at the bottom of a circular arc that has a radius R = 7.5 m.  What is the magnitude of the normal force on the box at Point A?
46. A) 250 N
47. B) 280 N
48. C) 400 N
49. D) 650 N
50. E) 900 N

 

Ans:  D

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

46. A 0.75-kg ball is attached to a 1.0-m rope and whirled in a vertical circle. The rope will break when the tension exceeds 450 N.  What is the maximum speed the ball can have at the bottom of the circle without breaking the rope?
47. A) 24 m/s
48. B) 12 m/s
49. C) 32 m/s
50. D) 16 m/s
51. E) 38 m/s

 

Ans:  A

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-4

 

A small car of mass M travels along a straight, horizontal track.  As suggested in the figure, the track then bends into a vertical circle of radius R.

 

 

 

 

47. What is the minimum acceleration that the car must have at the top of the track if it is to remain in contact with the track?
48. A) 9 m/s², downward
49. B) 9 m/s², upward
50. C) 8 m/s², downward
51. D) 8 m/s², upward
52. E) 6 m/s², upward

 

Ans:  C

Refer To:  Ref 5-4

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

48. Which one of the following expressions determines the minimum speed that the car must have at the top of the track if it is to remain in contact with the track?
49. A) v = MgR
50. B) v = 2gR
51. C) v² = 2gR
52. D) v² = gR
53. E) v = gR

 

Ans:  D

Refer To:  Ref 5-4

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-5

 

A 1500-kg vehicle travels at a constant speed of 22 m/s around a circular track that has a radius of 85 m.

 

 

 

 

49. Which statement is true concerning this vehicle?
50. A) The velocity of the vehicle is changing.
51. B) The vehicle is characterized by constant velocity.
52. C) The vehicle is characterized by constant acceleration.
53. D) The vehicle has a velocity vector that points along the radius of the circle.
54. E) The vehicle has an acceleration vector that is tangent to the circle at all times.

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-5

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

50. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the vehicle?
51. A) 7 m/s²
52. B) 26 m/s²
53. C) 8 m/s²
54. D) 2 m/s²
55. E) zero m/s²

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-5

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

51. What is the average velocity of the vehicle during one revolution?
52. A) 0 m/s
53. B) 12 m/s
54. C) 26 m/s
55. D) 44 m/s
56. E) zero m/s

 

Ans:  E

Refer To:  Ref 5-5

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

52. Determine the magnitude of the net force that acts on the vehicle.
53. A) 390 N
54. B) 1800 N
55. C) 5 × 10³ N
56. D) 5 × 10⁴ N
57. E) zero newtons

 

Ans:  C

Refer To:  Ref 5-5

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

53. Jupiter has a mass that is roughly 320 times that of the Earth and a radius equal to 11 times that of the Earth. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Jupiter?
54. A) 7 m/s²
55. B) 8 m/s²
56. C) 26 m/s²
57. D) 87 m/s²
58. E) 260 m/s²

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-6

 

A rocket orbits a planet in a circular orbit at a constant speed as shown in the drawing.

Note these arrows:

 

 

 

 

 

54. At the instant shown in the drawing, which arrow indicates the direction of the acceleration of the rocket?
55. A) 1
56. B) 2
57. C) 3
58. D) 4
59. E) 5

 

Ans:  A

Refer To:  Ref 5-6

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

55. At the instant shown in the drawing, which arrow shows the direction of the reaction force exerted on the planet by the rocket?
56. A) 1
57. B) 2
58. C) 3
59. D) 4
60. E) 5

 

Ans:  B

Refer To:  Ref 5-6

Difficulty:  Easy

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

56. Suppose that the radius of the circular path is r when the speed of the rocket is v and the acceleration of the rocket has magnitude a. If the radius and speed are increased to 2r and 2v respectively, what is the magnitude of the rocket’s subsequent acceleration?
57. A)
58. B) 2a
59. C) a
60. D) 4a
61. E) 8a

 

Ans:  B

Refer To:  Ref 5-6

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

57. The record for the highest speed achieved in a laboratory for a uniformly rotating object was 2.01 × 10³ m/s for a 0.15-m long carbon rod. What was the period of rotation of the rod?
58. A) 4 × 10^–5 s
59. B) 1 × 10^–4 s
60. C) 7 × 10^–4 s
61. D) 2 × 10^–3 s
62. E) 3 × 10^–3 s

 

Ans:  C

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

Reference:  Ref 5-7

 

An airplane flying at 115 m/s due east makes a gradual turn following a circular path to fly south.  The turn takes 15 seconds to complete.

 

 

 

 

58. What is the radius of the curve that the plane follows in making the turn?
59. A) 280 m
60. B) 350 m
61. C) 830 m
62. D) 1100 m
63. E) 1600 m

 

Ans:  D

Refer To:  Ref 5-7

Difficulty:  Hard

SectionDef:  Section 5-7

 

 

 

 

59. What is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration during the turn?
60. A) zero m/s²
61. B) 9 m/s²
62. C) 1 m/s²
63. D) 8 m/s²
64. E) 12 m/s²

 

Ans:  E

Refer To:  Ref 5-7

Difficulty:  Medium

SectionDef:  Section 5-7