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TEXT CHAPTER 19 Joining Ideas Using Compound Sentences
LEARNING OUTCOMES
After working through this chapter, your students will be able to:
LO1 Explain what a compound sentence is
LO2 Combine two independent clauses to make a compound sentence.
LO3 Avoid the comma splice error
LO4 Avoid Run-ons.
TIPS FOR INSTRUCTION
Remind students that a simple sentence is an independent clause and can follow any of the
following patterns:
Subject + Verb
Subject + Subject + Verb (compound subject) Independent Clause
Subject + Verb + Verb (compound verb)
A compound sentence is a combination of two or more independent clauses.
Compound sentences may follow any one of the following patterns:
Independent Clause + Comma + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause
Independent clause + Semicolon + Independent Clause
Independent Clause + Semicolon + Transitional Word + Comma + Independent Clause
A comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are put together with only a comma.
A run-on sentence occurs when two independent clauses run together with no punctuation.
To fix a comma splice or a run-on:
Separate the two independent clauses into two sentences
Combine the two independent clauses using a comma and a coordinating conjunction
Combine the two independent clauses using a semicolon
Combine the two independent clauses using a semicolon, a transitional word, and a
comma.
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EXERCISE 19.a
IDENTIFYING SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES
Write S next to any simple sentence, and write C next to any compound sentence.
1. ______ Communication skills can be oral or written.
2. ______ Your skills in communication can be oral, or they can be written.
3. ______ It is important to be able to communicate clearly.
4. ______ Your expressions are part of your personality, but you use them to communicate.
5. ______ You can communicate by the way you silently respond.
6. ______ Body language is a type of communication.
7. ______ A smile puts others at ease, but a grimace is often unwelcoming.
8. ______ Communication has been studied for many years.
9. ______ Written communication skills as well as oral skills are essential for success.
10. ______ Good grammar is essential for communication skills.
11. ______Writing classes will be some of the most important classes you have in college.
12. ______ Academic writing communicates many things to your instructors and professors.
13. ______ Grammar is important, but punctuation is just as vital.
14. ______ You are a wonderful speaker, and your writing style is beautiful.
15. ______ A speech student at this college is required to give four speeches to the class.
16. ______ Students in the composition class must write three paragraphs and five essays.
17. ______ You must pass your speech class; likewise, you must pass your writing class.
18. ______ Communication classes will take up a lot of your time, but they are important.
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EXERCISE 19.b
USING COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS IN COMPOUND
SENTENCES
In each sentence, fill in a correct coordinating conjunction.
1. The assignment was to write a speech, _______ Rory wrote a play, instead.
2. He wrote a play about being a student, _______ he was a main character.
3. The professor did not accept it, _________ Rory wrote a speech.
4. He spoke about following directions, _________ he discussed his mistake with the play.
5. Communication goes both ways, _________ Rory had not realized that.
6. Following directions is important, __________ many students fail to read them.
7. Rory learned that directions are vital, ________ now he always follows them carefully.
8. The professor liked the speech he wrote, _______ she gave him a very good grade.
EXERCISE 19.c
USING SEMICOLONS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES
Insert a semicolon in the correct place in each sentence.
1. I bought a new dictionary I wanted to be sure to communicate clearly.
2. Word choice is important in communication I want to use succinct vocabulary.
3. Writing clearly will make my essay better I plan to double-check all my word choices.
4. I have always been interested in new words the dictionary is a good place to look.
5. My friend bought a thesaurus I like it better than my dictionary.
6. The thesaurus gives many words choices the dictionary only gives definitions.
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EXERCISE 19.d
USING TRANSITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES IN COMPOUND SENTENCES
Insert transitional words or phrases in each sentence. Be sure to punctuate correctly.
1. The writing test is next week ______________________ I have already started to study.
2. My writing grade is part of my major___________________ it is important to me.
3. My speech class does not include a mid-term test ______________________ there is a
speech assignment that will count as a mid-term grade.
4. I have to work very hard in my speech class _______________________ my writing
class is very easy for me.
5. When the semester is over, I will have finished many required courses _______________
I will be able to concentrate on taking courses in other areas.
EXERCISE 19.e
PUNCTUATING COMPOUND SENTENCES
Add the correct punctuation to the following sentences.
1. Myra took an art class but it was a class on communicating through photographs.
2. At first she did not like it however it started to become very interesting to her.
3. She learned that a picture can say a lot and it can communicate more than words.
4. Myra enjoyed photographing things she believed each photo communicated a message.
5. She displayed her photos in class for she was happy with what she had accomplished.
6. Each photo had a lot to say yet some were harder to understand than others.
7. Myra’s favorite was of a group of students she said it told a story of friendship.
8. The art class turned out to be a good experience moreover it got Myra interested in
photography as a means of communication.
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CHAPTER 19 QUIZ: COMPOUND SENTENCES
Part One: Identify if each sentence is simple or compound
1. Communication is an essential college skill.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
2. Students are often unaware of the need to polish their speaking skills.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
3. Speaking is a communication skill, and writing is a communication skill.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
4. Speech classes and writing classes are taken by many first year students.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
5. College prepares students for the workforce; good communication skills help them
succeed.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
6. Justin did not realize how hard he would have to study for his speech class.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
7. Marcy helped him with his speech, but he had to learn the material in his textbook.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
8. Justin helped Marcy with her writing class; therefore, she was happy to help him.
f. Simple sentence
g. Compound sentence
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Part Two: Identify the sentence in each group that is punctuated correctly.
9.
f. Amanda wrote the advertising copy and Anthony did the illustrations.
g. Amanda wrote the advertising copy and, Anthony did the illustrations.
h. Amanda wrote the advertising copy, and Anthony did the illustrations.
10.
f. George did the proofreading, Mike helped with the layout.
g. George did the proofreading; Mike helped with the layout.
h. George did the proofreading Mike helped with the layout.
11.
f. Anthony was pleased with the brochure, for it communicated their message.
g. Anthony was pleased with the brochure for it communicated their message.
h. Anthony was pleased with the brochure; for it communicated their message.
12.
f. Mike agreed to take it to the printer, however, he needed to borrow a car.
g. Mike agreed to take it to the printer, however; he needed to borrow a car.
h. Mike agreed to take it to the printer; however, he needed to borrow a car.
13.
f. Printing was expensive, but the SGA would pay for it.
g. Printing was expensive but the SGA would pay for it.
h. Printing was expensive; but the SGA would pay for it.
14.
f. It is a great brochure it gives details of student organizations.
g. It is a great brochure; it gives details of student organizations.
h. It is a great brochure, it gives details of student organizations.
15.
f. Brochures will be available through campus, and they would be mailed to students.
g. Brochures will be available through campus; and they would be mailed to students.
h. Brochures will be available through campus and they would be mailed to students.
16.
f. Students appreciated the communication many thanked the SGA for the brochures.
g. Students appreciated the communication; many thanked the SGA for the brochures.
h. Students appreciated the communication, many thanked the SGA for the brochures.
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Part Three: Identify each group of words as a sentence, a comma splice, or a run-on
17. Many people do not realize the many ways in which they communicate with others.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
18. A simple gesture, a smile, a helping hand, or even a hug can make a difference.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
19. People who smile a lot are often well liked and have more friends.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
20. Shy people often communicate their shyness making eye contact is difficult for them.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
21. New people at an organization need help learning how communication is accepted.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
22. There are office protocols, new employees must learn them.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
23. Unspoken rules for communication exist everywhere, it takes time to get to know them.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
24. New employees are encouraged to listen a lot and to pay attention to the many ways that
things are done.
a. Sentence
b. Comma splice
c. Run-on
159
Chapter 19
EXERCISE 19.a
1. S 2. C 3. S 4. C 5. S 6. S
7. C 8. S 9. S 10. S 11. S 12. S
13. C 14. C 15. S 16. S 17. C 18.C
EXERCISE 19.b
1. but 2. and 3. so 4. and
5. but or yet 6. but or yet 7. and 8. so
EXERCISE 19.c
1. dictionary; I 2. communication; I 3. better; I
4. words; the 5. thesaurus; I 6. choices; the
EXERCISE 19.d
Answers will vary, but punctuation should be as follows:
; transitional word or phrase,
EXERCISE 19.e
1. class, but 2. it; however, 3. a lot, and 4. things; she
5. class, for 6. say, yet 7. students; she 8. experience; moreover,
EXERCISE 19.f
1. CS 2. CS 3. S 4. S 5. CS
EXERCISE 19.g
Answers will vary.
EXERCISE 19.h
1. RO 2. S 3. RO 4. RO 5. RO
EXERCISE 19.i
Answers will vary.
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CHAPTER 19 QUIZ
1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. b 6. a
7. b 8. b 9. c 10. b 11. a 12. c
13. a 14. b 15. a 16. b 17. a 18. a
19. a 20. c 21. a 22. b 23. b 24. a
